当代医学生道德心理研究

发布时间：2018-07-17 00:32

【摘要】：目的：医学生的道德心理（Moral Psychology）发展对于其成长和医疗事业的发展有重要作用。他们在成长过程中所形成的道德发展水平与其今后走上职业岗位展现出的职业素养密不可分，这将直接关系到今后的医患关系状况、医疗行业发展水平、行业风气及社会影响。医疗卫生行业中越来越多的数据和事件表明，医患矛盾不断激化，使得医学生的德育问题被社会重新审视。然而，国内缺乏对医学生的道德心理发展状况的研究。本研究采用MJT、大学生公正世界信念量表、IRI-C对当代医学生的道德认知判断能力、公正信念、关怀水平状况及不同性别作出道德两难决策的焦虑感受程度差异进行分析研究，并通过对医患关系双方心理因素特点及变化的分析研究，探讨改进医学生的德育方式，以期有助于改善医学生德育现状。方法：对象为429名安徽医科大学临床医学专业本科大一至大五年级医学生，各年级人数、年级内学生年龄、性别匹配相当。实证研究采用道德判断测验（MJT）、大学生公正世界信念量表、人际反应指针（IRI-C）进行测验。理论研究通过分析医患关系双方心理因素（认知、情绪情感、共情、移情等）的特点及变化趋势，得出对医学生德育改进的启发。结果：1.MJT测验C分数：大一（29.63±8.10）、大二（27.25±9.38）、大三（26.99±7.39）、大四（25.28±10.99）、大五（27.72±8.91），年级得分差异显著（P=0.036），总体存在下降趋势；2.在进行MJT测验时，选项抉择过程中感受到的压力、焦虑水平存在显著的性别差异（P=0.001），女生（2.74±0.913）高于男生（2.46±0.778）。3.各年级公正世界信念得分差异显著（P=0.009），，各年级同情关心因子得分差异显著（P=0.000），两个得分均呈现下滑趋势；4.对医患关系的心理因素特点及变化趋势的分析研究启发我们重视对医学生的人文关怀、重视情商与智商的共同发展。结论：医学生的道德发展水平有下滑趋势，传统的教育方式不利于医学生今后职业道德的形成，德育方式需要改进和创新；医患关系双方心理因素特点及变化趋势分析研究对医学生德育具有重要的现实启发意义。
[Abstract]:Objective : The development of moral psychology of medical students plays an important role in the development of medical students .

Methods : The subjects were 429 children aged from 1 to 5 years of clinical medicine in Anhui Medical University . The number of students in different grades , age of students in grades and gender match were comparable . The empirical study used moral judgment test ( MJT ) , college students ' fair world belief scale and interpersonal response pointer ( IRI - C ) . The theoretical study was based on the analysis of the psychological factors ( cognition , emotion , empathy , empathy , etc . ) of the two sides of doctor - patient relationship , and drew inspiration for the improvement of medical students ' moral education .

Results : 1 . The scores of MJT test were as follows : 1 ( 29.63 卤 8 . 10 ) , 2 ( 27.25 卤 9.38 ) , 3 ( 26.99 卤 7.39 ) , 4 ( 25.28 卤 10.99 ) , 5 ( 27.72 卤 8.91 ) , significant difference in grade scores ( P = 0.036 ) .
2 . In the MJT test , there were significant differences in gender in the pressure and anxiety level ( P = 0.001 ) , the female ( 2.74 卤 0.913 ) was higher than that of the boys ( 2.46 卤 0.778 ) . 3 . The scores of the scores of the fair world in all grades were significantly different ( P = 0 . 009 ) .
4 . Based on the analysis of the psychological factors and trends of the relationship between doctors and patients , we attach importance to the humanistic care of medical students and attach importance to the common development of EQ and IQ . Conclusion : The moral development level of medical students has a downward trend . Traditional education mode is not conducive to the formation of professional ethics in the future , and the way of moral education needs improvement and innovation ;
The analysis of psychological factors and trend of change trend of doctor - patient relationship is of great practical significance to the moral education of medical students .
【学位授予单位】：安徽医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B844.2

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