高功能孤独症儿童面部表情识别特点及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-07-25 17:38

【摘要】：情绪识别能力是人类在社会生存中不可或缺的能力之一，它对于儿童的社会性发展、心理健康，甚至一生的发展都至关重要。其中，面部表情识别属于情绪识别能力的一部分，面部表情的识别在一定程度上影响着儿童的社会交往质量。孤独症儿童在社会交往方面存在缺陷，因此，对于这一群体的情绪识别能力的研究较为丰富，面部表情识别的研究也颇受国内外学者的关注。本研究首先对高功能孤独症儿童面部表情识别特点进行分析讨论，再通过不同面部表情材料的呈现，探讨影响高功能孤独症儿童面部表情识别的因素。国内学者关于孤独症儿童的真人面孔识别研究较为详实，然而，许多研究的结论不同，有些甚至相悖。因而，致使探讨孤独症儿童面部表情识别的特点时存在一定争议。本研究将采用罗跃嘉的中国人情绪面孔图片系统，对高功能孤独症儿童6种基本面部表情的识别进行研究，并归纳总结其识别特点。近几年，国内部分学者也开始将研究的广度扩展到孤独症儿童对于卡通人物表情识别等方面，深度扩展到眼部与嘴部等对人物表情识别的影响。但是，国内学者与国外学者的结论略有差异。这可能与所选用实验材料不同有关，也可能是因为文化传统或教育不同。本研究将运用儿童平日熟悉与陌生的卡通人物表情进行研究，查看其对高功能孤独症儿童的面部表情识别是否存在一定影响。国内关于表情识别的研究更多采用静态图片，，而实际生活中人们交流与交往时呈现的是动态表情。近几年，有部分研究者开始关注动态面部表情的识别，但是研究对象大多为学龄前儿童和成年人，对于6岁以上的学龄儿童研究存在一定缺漏，而对于孤独症儿童的动态面部表情识别研究，国内也并未涉及。本研究利用标准化的动态面部表情视频作为实验材料，让孤独症儿童进行识别，并将其结果与相对应的标准化静态表情图片结果进行比对。本研究自编卡通及视频表情材料，以13名6-10岁孤独症儿童为研究对象，考察其对于6种基本面部表情的识别特点及影响因素，并与16名正常儿童进行比照。结果显示：（1）高功能孤独症儿童对于6种基本面部表情的识别能力弱于正常儿童。其中，高功能孤独症儿童对于高兴表情识别最好，厌恶表情识别最弱。（2）高功能孤独症儿童悲伤表情的命名能力高于其他3种消极表情（愤怒、厌恶、恐惧）。厌恶表情的指认能力低于其他4种表情（悲伤、惊讶、愤怒、恐惧）。（3）高功能孤独症儿童卡通图片的6种基本面部表情识别能力弱于正常儿童。高功能孤独症儿童对惊讶表情的识别存在熟悉度上的差异，熟悉卡通识别优于陌生卡通。（4）在动态视频材料呈现下，高功能孤独症儿童6种基本表情的识别能力弱于正常儿童。其中，高功能孤独症儿童愤怒表情的识别能力显著弱于正常儿童。（5）高功能孤独症儿童对动态视频中6种基本表情的识别能力强于静态图片。其中，悲伤和恐惧2种表情的识别在材料类型上的差异显著。
[Abstract]:The ability of emotion recognition is one of the indispensable abilities of human being in social existence. It is vital to the social development, mental health and even the development of a child. Facial expression recognition is part of the ability of emotion recognition, and the recognition of facial expression affects the quality of social communication of children to some extent. There are defects in the social communication of children with single disease. Therefore, the research on the ability of emotion recognition of this group is more abundant, and the research on facial expression recognition is also concerned by scholars at home and abroad.
In this study, the characteristics of facial expression recognition for high functional autistic children were analyzed and discussed, and the factors affecting facial expression recognition of the children with high function autism were discussed through the presentation of different facial expression materials.
The research on human face recognition of autistic children is more detailed in China. However, many studies have different conclusions and some even disagree. Therefore, there are some disputes about the characteristics of facial expression recognition of autistic children. This study will adopt Luo Yuejia's Chinese emotional face picture system for the high functional autistic children. Children's recognition of 6 basic facial expressions is studied, and their recognition characteristics are summarized.
In recent years, some scholars in China have expanded the breadth of the study to the influence of the autistic children on the expression recognition of cartoon characters, such as the facial expression recognition, and so on. However, there is a slight difference between the domestic scholars and the foreign scholars' conclusions. This may be related to the selected experimental materials and may also be Because of the differences in cultural traditions or education, this study will use children's familiar and unfamiliar cartoon characters to study whether there is a certain impact on facial expression recognition for children with high function autism.
The domestic research on expression recognition uses more static pictures, while in real life people communicate and communicate with the dynamic expression. In recent years, some researchers have begun to pay attention to the recognition of dynamic facial expressions. However, most of the research objects are preschool children and adults, and there is a certain degree of study for school-age children over 6 years old. The study of dynamic facial expression recognition for autistic children is not involved. The study uses standardized dynamic facial expression video as an experimental material to identify autistic children and compare the results with the corresponding standardized static expression images.
In this study, 13 children aged 6-10 years of autism were studied by self-made cartoons and video expression materials. The identification and influence factors of 6 basic facial expressions were investigated and compared with 16 normal children. The results showed that:
(1) the ability to recognize 6 basic facial expressions in children with high function autism is weaker than that of normal children. Among them, the children with high function autism are best for the recognition of happy expression, and the disgust expression is the weakest.
(2) the naming ability of high functional autistic children's sad expressions is higher than the other 3 negative expressions (anger, disgust, fear). The ability to recognize disgust is lower than the other 4 expressions (sadness, surprise, anger, fear).
(3) the 6 basic facial expression recognition ability of the cartoon pictures of the children with high function autism is weaker than that of the normal children. The recognition of the astonishment expression of the children with high function autism has the difference of familiarity, and the familiar cartoon recognition is better than the strange cartoon.
(4) under the presentation of dynamic video materials, the ability to recognize 6 basic expressions of high functional autistic children is weaker than that of normal children. Among them, the ability to recognize the angry expression of the high functional autistic children is significantly weaker than that of the normal children.
(5) the ability of high functional autistic children to recognize 6 basic expressions in dynamic video is stronger than that of static pictures. Among them, the difference of 2 kinds of facial expressions of sadness and fear is significant in the type of material.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842

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