合作和竞争情境下人际情绪调节的工具性动机
发布时间：2018-07-26 14:46
【摘要】：人际情绪调节是良好社交的先决条件,影响着互动双方的情绪状态及其关系的质量。动机在确定情绪调节的方向和结果上起重要作用。为了实现目标,个体常常上调或下调情绪反应强度或持续时间来满足特定的动机,也有改变他人情绪状态的动机。人际情绪调节动机包括享乐动机和工具性动机。在日常生活中,人们多选择享乐动机来调节情绪;在对抗活动中,则多选择工具性动机。先前研究虽然探讨了情绪调节动机,但对人际情绪调节动机的研究较少,尤其是工具性动机。人际情绪调节具有一定的情境性,在不同情境下,人们调节他人情绪的动机可能会有差异。人们是否增加某种情绪调节动机取决于感知到这种情绪在成功对抗中的有效性。当人们认为生气可以促进目标实现时,就易于产生调节生气情绪的动机。互动双方的熟悉度是影响人际情绪调节动机的因素之一。在人际互动中,人们与朋友的熟悉度更高,情感交流更多,更易选择享乐动机,与陌生人互动时可能会更多选择工具性动机。此外,金钱奖励对动机的产生有直接的促进作用,个体的表现随奖励金额的增加而提高。金钱奖励也可能是影响人际情绪调节动机的一个重要因素。本研究通过三个实验来探讨人际情绪调节动机。实验1通过玩一个攻击性游戏,探测人们是否会在工具性动机的驱使下增加合作伙伴(而非竞争对手)的不愉快情绪(生气),以及感知到生气情绪的有效性是否起调节作用。实验2将合作伙伴和竞争对手换成熟悉的朋友,考察人际情绪调节的工具性动机是否仍然存在。实验3考虑了金钱奖励这一因素,将被试随机分配到高低奖励组,探究不同奖励金额是否会影响实验1的结论。实验结果显示:(1)在人际情绪调节中,被试试图增加合作伙伴(而非竞争对手)的生气情绪以实现获利的目标。这一结果不受熟悉度的影响,即使合作伙伴是较熟悉的朋友,结果亦是如此。(2)奖励金额影响人际情绪调节的工具性动机。高奖励金额组的被试为了获利,试图增加合作伙伴(而非竞争对手)的生气情绪体验。低奖励金额组在合作和竞争两种情境下的表现无差异。(3)感知到生气的有效性调节情境和对生气情绪偏爱程度之间的关系,被试认为生气情绪越有效,就越想诱导合作伙伴(而非竞争对手)产生生气情绪体验。本研究验证了人际情绪调节的工具性动机,对于拓展人际情绪调节的研究视角、了解人际情绪调节动机的机制和指导临床应用具有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:Interpersonal emotional regulation is a prerequisite for good social interaction, affecting the emotional state of both sides and the quality of their relationship. Motivation plays an important role in determining the direction and outcome of emotional regulation. In order to achieve the goal, individuals often up or down the intensity or duration of emotional response to meet specific motivations, but also the motivation to change the emotional state of others. Interpersonal emotion regulation motivation includes pleasure motivation and instrumental motivation. In daily life, people tend to choose hedonic motivation to regulate their emotions; in confrontational activities, they choose instrumental motivation. Although previous studies have explored emotion regulation motivation, there are few researches on interpersonal emotion regulation motivation, especially instrumental motivation. Interpersonal emotional regulation has a certain situational nature, in different situations, people may have different motivations to regulate the emotions of others. Whether people increase some emotional motivation depends on perceived effectiveness of the emotion in successful confrontation. When people think anger can promote the achievement of their goals, it is easy to generate motivation to regulate angry emotions. Familiarity is one of the factors that influence the motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation. In interpersonal interaction, people are more familiar with friends, more emotional communication, more easy to choose pleasure motivation, and may choose more instrumental motivation when interacting with strangers. In addition, monetary reward has a direct promoting effect on motivation, and individual performance increases with the increase of reward amount. Monetary rewards may also be an important factor in the motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation. In this study, three experiments were conducted to explore the motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation. By playing an aggressive game, experiment 1 explores whether people are motivated by instrumental motivation to increase the unpleasant emotions of their partners (rather than competitors) and whether the perceived effectiveness of angry emotions plays a role in regulating them. Experiment 2 changed partners and competitors into familiar friends to investigate whether instrumental motivation for interpersonal emotion regulation still exists. In experiment 3, considering the factor of monetary reward, the subjects were randomly assigned to high and low reward groups to explore whether the different amount of reward would affect the conclusion of experiment 1. The results show that: (1) in interpersonal emotional regulation, the participants try to increase the angry emotions of their partners (rather than competitors) in order to achieve the goal of profit. This result is not influenced by familiarity, even if the partner is a more familiar friend. (2) the incentive amount affects the instrumental motivation of interpersonal emotional regulation. Participants in the high-award group tried to increase the emotional life of their partners, rather than competitors, in order to make a profit. There was no difference in the performance of the low reward group in the two situations of cooperation and competition. (3) perceived the relationship between the validity of anger and the degree of preference for angry emotion, the participants considered that the more effective the angry emotion was, The more you want to induce a partner (not a competitor) to generate a dynamic emotional experience. This study verifies the instrumental motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation, which is of great significance for expanding the perspective of interpersonal emotion regulation, understanding the mechanism of interpersonal emotion regulation motivation and guiding clinical application.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6
本文编号：2146352
[Abstract]:Interpersonal emotional regulation is a prerequisite for good social interaction, affecting the emotional state of both sides and the quality of their relationship. Motivation plays an important role in determining the direction and outcome of emotional regulation. In order to achieve the goal, individuals often up or down the intensity or duration of emotional response to meet specific motivations, but also the motivation to change the emotional state of others. Interpersonal emotion regulation motivation includes pleasure motivation and instrumental motivation. In daily life, people tend to choose hedonic motivation to regulate their emotions; in confrontational activities, they choose instrumental motivation. Although previous studies have explored emotion regulation motivation, there are few researches on interpersonal emotion regulation motivation, especially instrumental motivation. Interpersonal emotional regulation has a certain situational nature, in different situations, people may have different motivations to regulate the emotions of others. Whether people increase some emotional motivation depends on perceived effectiveness of the emotion in successful confrontation. When people think anger can promote the achievement of their goals, it is easy to generate motivation to regulate angry emotions. Familiarity is one of the factors that influence the motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation. In interpersonal interaction, people are more familiar with friends, more emotional communication, more easy to choose pleasure motivation, and may choose more instrumental motivation when interacting with strangers. In addition, monetary reward has a direct promoting effect on motivation, and individual performance increases with the increase of reward amount. Monetary rewards may also be an important factor in the motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation. In this study, three experiments were conducted to explore the motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation. By playing an aggressive game, experiment 1 explores whether people are motivated by instrumental motivation to increase the unpleasant emotions of their partners (rather than competitors) and whether the perceived effectiveness of angry emotions plays a role in regulating them. Experiment 2 changed partners and competitors into familiar friends to investigate whether instrumental motivation for interpersonal emotion regulation still exists. In experiment 3, considering the factor of monetary reward, the subjects were randomly assigned to high and low reward groups to explore whether the different amount of reward would affect the conclusion of experiment 1. The results show that: (1) in interpersonal emotional regulation, the participants try to increase the angry emotions of their partners (rather than competitors) in order to achieve the goal of profit. This result is not influenced by familiarity, even if the partner is a more familiar friend. (2) the incentive amount affects the instrumental motivation of interpersonal emotional regulation. Participants in the high-award group tried to increase the emotional life of their partners, rather than competitors, in order to make a profit. There was no difference in the performance of the low reward group in the two situations of cooperation and competition. (3) perceived the relationship between the validity of anger and the degree of preference for angry emotion, the participants considered that the more effective the angry emotion was, The more you want to induce a partner (not a competitor) to generate a dynamic emotional experience. This study verifies the instrumental motivation of interpersonal emotion regulation, which is of great significance for expanding the perspective of interpersonal emotion regulation, understanding the mechanism of interpersonal emotion regulation motivation and guiding clinical application.
【学位授予单位】：四川师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6
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