不同性质汉语否定句心理加工过程的实验研究

发布时间：2018-07-29 15:07

【摘要】：采用词汇/图片判断范式,以不同性质的否定句和其对应的肯定句为实验材料,以词汇/图片判断的反应时和正确率为因变量指标,探讨不同性质汉语否定句的加工是否是动态变化的过程。研究分为两个大实验四个小实验。实验一采用句图匹配任务,否定句是对具体现实情境的否定,实验1a和1b分别考察句图短时间间隔和长时间间隔下否定意义的加工。实验二采用词汇判断任务,实验材料为隐喻形式的否定句。实验2a和2b分别为句词短时间间隔和长时间间隔。实验1发现短时间间隔时,句图不匹配条件下图片判断时间短于匹配时;长时间间隔时相反,句图匹配条件下图片判断时间更短。实验2发现短时间间隔时,句词不匹配条件下词汇判断时间短于匹配时,而长时间间隔时匹配与否的词汇判断时间无差异。综合两个实验结果表明,对现实情境的具体否定句符合两阶段模拟加工,被否定意义在加工早期被表征,但会因句子实际意义的通达而得到抑制;而隐喻形式的抽象否定句加工更符合抑制/保存假说,被否定意义在加工早期被表征,并在加工后期仍保留在头脑中。
[Abstract]:Using lexical / picture judgment paradigm, the negative sentences with different properties and their corresponding positive sentences were used as experimental materials, and the response time and correct rate of lexical / picture judgment were taken as dependent variables. To explore whether the processing of Chinese negative sentences with different properties is a dynamic process. The study was divided into two large experiments and four small experiments. In experiment 1, the task of sentence map matching is used. The negative sentence is the negation of the actual situation. Experiment 1a and 1b examine the processing of the negative meaning under the short time interval and the long time interval, respectively. In experiment two, lexical judgment was used, and the experimental materials were metaphorical negative sentences. Experiment 2 a and 2 b are short and long time intervals, respectively. In experiment 1, we found that the judgment time of the picture is shorter under the condition of sentence map mismatch than in the case of matching at short time interval, and the picture judgement time is even shorter under the condition of sentence map matching at long time interval. In experiment 2, it was found that the time of lexical judgment was shorter in the case of sentence mismatch than in the case of matching at short intervals, but there was no difference in the judging time of matching or not at long intervals. The results of the two experiments show that the concrete negative sentences of the real situation accord with the two-stage simulation processing, and the negated meaning is represented in the early stage of processing, but it will be restrained by the actual meaning of the sentence. The processing of abstract negative sentences in metaphorical forms is more in line with the inhibition / preservation hypothesis. The negated meaning is represented in the early stage of processing and remains in the mind at the later stage of processing.
【作者单位】：郑州大学教育学院;
【基金】：河南省哲学社会科学规划项目(2015CYY023;2016CYY027) 河南省人文社会科学一般项目(2017-ZZJH-542)
【分类号】：B842

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