自我表露对大学生亲密感的影响研究
发布时间：2018-08-09 12:49
【摘要】：自我表露是个体在社会交往中,把私人的信息与他人进行真诚地分享的过程。前人的研究已经表明,相互性的自我表露能够促进更进一步的表露。自我表露是个体对他人表达情感、想法与观点的窗口,是增进亲密感的重要途径。大学生的身心发展正处于走向成熟而又未完全成熟的阶段,这一时期的主要任务是发展亲密感,克服孤独感,大学生期待在同伴关系中获得爱与归属。而适度恰当的自我表露能够促进大学生亲密感的发展,有助于大学生的心理健康发展。特别是在关系发展的初期,自我表露更显得至关重要,因为它可能决定两个人是否愿意继续交往和发展亲密感。与此同时,自我表露的类型和性别差异有可能对亲密感的增进产生不同的影响。因此,本研究采用问卷调查法、实验室实验法探究自我表露对亲密感的影响。研究1采用问卷调查法,以自我表露与亲子之间、朋友之间的亲密感的关系为出发点,结果显示,父亲亲密感与自我表露中的父亲自我表露的相关程度最高(r=0.60),母亲亲密感与自我表露中的母亲自我表露的相关程度最高(r=0.60),同性亲密感与自我表露中的同性自我表露的相关程度最高(r=0.51),异性亲密感与自我表露中的异性自我表露的相关程度最高(r=0.67),亲密感与相同对象的自我表露呈中等程度的相关。研究2采用实验室实验法,以自我表露的不同类型(事实性自我表露和情感性自我表露)对大学生亲密感的影响为出发点,结果显示,陌生同伴间轮流交替式的自我表露能带来喜欢、亲密感、感知到的共同点和享受互动过程的积极的人际互动结果。从事实性自我表露与情感性自我表露对亲密感的影响来看,情感性自我表露组的外显亲密感得分显著高于事实性自我表露组的外显亲密感得分(t=-2.78,p=0.0080.01),且情感性自我表露的内隐同伴亲密感得分高于事实性自我表露的内隐同伴亲密感得分(t=-2.29,p=0.03)。研究3采用实验室实验法,以自我表露的情感效价和配对类型为出发点,结果显示,在陌生同伴的互动中,同性与异性之间的自我表露可以同样有效地提升大学生之间的亲密感,正性情感的表露和负性情感的表露也同样有效地可以提升大学生之间的亲密感;在正性情感表露的情况下,同性同伴的亲密感和异性同伴的亲密感差异不显著(p0.05),在负性情感表露的情况下,异性同伴的亲密感高于同性同伴的亲密感(p0.05);在同一互动情境中,男性的外显亲密感得分高于女性的外显亲密感得分(t=3.51,p0.01)。
[Abstract]:Self-disclosure is a process in which individuals share personal information with others in social interaction. Previous studies have shown that mutual self-disclosure can promote further disclosure. Self-disclosure is a window through which individuals express their feelings, ideas and opinions to others, and an important way to enhance intimacy. The physical and mental development of college students is in the stage of maturing and not fully mature. The main task of this period is to develop intimacy and overcome loneliness. College students expect to get love and belonging in their peer relationship. Proper self-disclosure can promote the development of college students' intimacy and contribute to the development of their mental health. Especially in the early stages of a relationship, self-disclosure is even more important, as it may determine whether two people are willing to continue to socialize and develop a sense of intimacy. At the same time, types of self-disclosure and gender differences may have different effects on increased intimacy. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of self-disclosure on intimacy by questionnaire and laboratory experiments. In study 1, a questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the relationship between self-disclosure and intimacy between parents and children, as well as between friends. The results showed that, The correlation between paternal intimacy and self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.60), that between mother and mother was the highest (r = 0.60), and that between same-sex intimacy and self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.60), and that between same-sex intimacy and self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.60). The correlation between heterosexual closeness and heterosexual self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.67), and the correlation between heterosexual closeness and self-disclosure of the same subjects was moderate (r = 0.67). In study 2, the effect of different types of self-disclosure (factual self-disclosure and affective self-disclosure) on college students' intimacy was used as the starting point. Alternate self-disclosure among strangers can bring about a sense of love, intimacy, perceived commonality, and positive interpersonal interaction results in the process of enjoying interaction. From the point of view of the influence of factual self-disclosure and emotional self-disclosure on intimacy, The scores of explicit intimacy in affective self-disclosure group were significantly higher than those in factual self-disclosure group (t _ (-2.78) P _ (0.0080.01), and the scores of implicit peer intimacy in affective self-disclosure group were higher than those in factual self-disclosure group (t ~ (-2.29) p0.03). In study 3, a laboratory experiment was used to study the affective titer and pairing type of self-disclosure. The results showed that, in the interaction of strangers, The self-disclosure between the same sex and the opposite sex can promote the intimacy between the college students as well as the positive emotion and the negative emotion. There was no significant difference in intimacy between same-sex peers and heterosexual peers (p0.05). In the case of negative affective disclosure, the closeness of heterosexual peers was higher than that of same-sex peers (p0.05). The scores of explicit closeness in males were higher than those in females (t = 3.51, p 0.01).
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2
本文编号：2174127
[Abstract]:Self-disclosure is a process in which individuals share personal information with others in social interaction. Previous studies have shown that mutual self-disclosure can promote further disclosure. Self-disclosure is a window through which individuals express their feelings, ideas and opinions to others, and an important way to enhance intimacy. The physical and mental development of college students is in the stage of maturing and not fully mature. The main task of this period is to develop intimacy and overcome loneliness. College students expect to get love and belonging in their peer relationship. Proper self-disclosure can promote the development of college students' intimacy and contribute to the development of their mental health. Especially in the early stages of a relationship, self-disclosure is even more important, as it may determine whether two people are willing to continue to socialize and develop a sense of intimacy. At the same time, types of self-disclosure and gender differences may have different effects on increased intimacy. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of self-disclosure on intimacy by questionnaire and laboratory experiments. In study 1, a questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the relationship between self-disclosure and intimacy between parents and children, as well as between friends. The results showed that, The correlation between paternal intimacy and self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.60), that between mother and mother was the highest (r = 0.60), and that between same-sex intimacy and self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.60), and that between same-sex intimacy and self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.60). The correlation between heterosexual closeness and heterosexual self-disclosure was the highest (r = 0.67), and the correlation between heterosexual closeness and self-disclosure of the same subjects was moderate (r = 0.67). In study 2, the effect of different types of self-disclosure (factual self-disclosure and affective self-disclosure) on college students' intimacy was used as the starting point. Alternate self-disclosure among strangers can bring about a sense of love, intimacy, perceived commonality, and positive interpersonal interaction results in the process of enjoying interaction. From the point of view of the influence of factual self-disclosure and emotional self-disclosure on intimacy, The scores of explicit intimacy in affective self-disclosure group were significantly higher than those in factual self-disclosure group (t _ (-2.78) P _ (0.0080.01), and the scores of implicit peer intimacy in affective self-disclosure group were higher than those in factual self-disclosure group (t ~ (-2.29) p0.03). In study 3, a laboratory experiment was used to study the affective titer and pairing type of self-disclosure. The results showed that, in the interaction of strangers, The self-disclosure between the same sex and the opposite sex can promote the intimacy between the college students as well as the positive emotion and the negative emotion. There was no significant difference in intimacy between same-sex peers and heterosexual peers (p0.05). In the case of negative affective disclosure, the closeness of heterosexual peers was higher than that of same-sex peers (p0.05). The scores of explicit closeness in males were higher than those in females (t = 3.51, p 0.01).
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B844.2
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