时间距离对个体风险偏好的影响：情绪的中介作用
发布时间：2018-08-16 12:30
【摘要】：基于解释水平理论，探讨当个体面临风险型决策和不确定型决策情境时，时间距离对个体风险偏好的影响及其内在机制，随机抽取宁波大学学生对其进行问卷施测。本文包括两个研究，研究一中，我们设计了风险型决策和不确定型决策两种不同的决策类型来比较个体在近期未来与远期未来的风险偏好差异，采用2×2混合实验设计；研究二中，我们考察了情绪对时间距离影响不同类型决策情境风险偏好的中介作用。研究结果发现： 1、对于风险型决策，与近期未来事件相比，被试在收益情境中对远期未来决策行为表现出冒险行为倾向，，但在损失情景中没有表现出这样的效应；在不确定型决策中，相对于近期未来事件，被试在技能事件和随机事件两种情境中对远期未来的决策行为都表现出更高的风险寻求倾向，但时间距离×决策情境的交互作用不显著。 2、在风险型决策中，情绪在时间距离对收益情境风险偏好的影响中存在完全中介作用，相对于远时间距离事件，近时间距离事件会使个体产生更多的积极情绪，处于积极情绪状态下个体的决策行为表现出低冒险行为倾向，而当个体处于消极情绪状态下，其决策行为表现出高冒险行为倾向。而在损失情境中则无此效应；在不确定型决策中，情绪在时间距离对技能事件风险偏好的影响中存在部分中介作用，而在随机事件中则无此效应。这些结果表明,时间距离对个体的风险偏好具有重要影响，情绪可能是其心理机制。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of interpretation level, this paper discusses the influence of time distance on individual risk preference and its internal mechanism when individuals are faced with risk decision and uncertain decision situations, and randomly select students from Ningbo University to carry out questionnaires. This paper includes two studies. In the first study, we design two different decision types, risk decision and uncertain decision, to compare the difference of individual risk preference in the near future and the long future, and adopt 2 脳 2 mixed experimental design. In the second study, we investigated the mediating effect of emotion on temporal distance and risk preference in different decision situations. The results showed that: 1, compared with the recent future events, the subjects showed a tendency of risk-taking behavior in the income situation, but did not show such an effect in the loss scenario; In uncertain decision making, compared with the recent future events, the participants showed a higher risk seeking tendency in both skill events and random events. However, the interaction of time distance 脳 decision situation is not significant. 2. In risk decision, emotion has a complete intermediary role in the influence of time distance on risk preference of income situation, compared with long time event. Close distance events can make individuals produce more positive emotions. When they are in positive mood, the decision-making behavior of individuals shows a tendency of low risk behavior, while when individuals are in a negative mood state, the decision-making behavior of individuals shows a tendency of low risk behavior, and when individuals are in a negative mood state, Its decision-making behavior shows a tendency of high risk-taking behavior. In uncertain decision making, emotion has some mediating effect in the influence of time distance on risk preference of skill event, but not in random event. These results suggest that time distance has an important effect on individual risk preference and emotion may be its psychological mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842
本文编号：2185991
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of interpretation level, this paper discusses the influence of time distance on individual risk preference and its internal mechanism when individuals are faced with risk decision and uncertain decision situations, and randomly select students from Ningbo University to carry out questionnaires. This paper includes two studies. In the first study, we design two different decision types, risk decision and uncertain decision, to compare the difference of individual risk preference in the near future and the long future, and adopt 2 脳 2 mixed experimental design. In the second study, we investigated the mediating effect of emotion on temporal distance and risk preference in different decision situations. The results showed that: 1, compared with the recent future events, the subjects showed a tendency of risk-taking behavior in the income situation, but did not show such an effect in the loss scenario; In uncertain decision making, compared with the recent future events, the participants showed a higher risk seeking tendency in both skill events and random events. However, the interaction of time distance 脳 decision situation is not significant. 2. In risk decision, emotion has a complete intermediary role in the influence of time distance on risk preference of income situation, compared with long time event. Close distance events can make individuals produce more positive emotions. When they are in positive mood, the decision-making behavior of individuals shows a tendency of low risk behavior, while when individuals are in a negative mood state, the decision-making behavior of individuals shows a tendency of low risk behavior, and when individuals are in a negative mood state, Its decision-making behavior shows a tendency of high risk-taking behavior. In uncertain decision making, emotion has some mediating effect in the influence of time distance on risk preference of skill event, but not in random event. These results suggest that time distance has an important effect on individual risk preference and emotion may be its psychological mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 王霞;于春玲;刘成斌;;时间间隔与未来事件效价:解释水平的中介作用[J];心理学报;2012年06期
2 庄锦英;情绪与决策的关系[J];心理科学进展;2003年04期
本文编号：2185991
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