正念冥想训练对城市空巢老人孤独感的干预研究

发布时间：2018-09-18 13:36

【摘要】：本研究的目的是想证实正念冥想训练能有效改善老年人的孤独感、焦虑和抑郁情况。研究采取正念冥想训练中的吃葡萄干练习、正念呼吸、区分两支箭、对体感觉察的正念练习、身体扫描、山禅、三分钟呼吸空间、想法只是想法、给思想贴标签、观察自我批评的各种念头、坐姿冥想、与变化为友、慈心禅修等方法技巧,并结合了调整影响孤独感的社会认知和如何有效处理因孤独感引发的负面情绪等内容的理论讲解,选取老年群体中具有代表性的城市空巢老人,将40位UCLA问卷得分35 (孤独感体验明显)的空巢老人按照单盲随机数字分组法分为实验组(20人)和控制组(20人):控制组不予任何干预手段,实验组则进行为期8周,每周1次,每次1.5小时的正念冥想训练。训练前后两组都使用ULS-8孤独感量表、简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)、老年焦虑量表(GAI)进行施测,并在训练之后的1个月对实验组进行效果追踪测量。干预结果表明正念冥想训练能有效降低城市空巢老人的孤独感、焦虑和抑郁程度,有效缓解了孤独感体验的水平,且干预效果在1个月之后依然能够保持,部分老年人有进一步改善的趋势。研究证实,本研究设计的正念冥想训练的干预方案是可行的、有效的,可在老年群体中予以广泛推广,在理论和实践上都丰富了改善空巢老人心理健康的研究,同时也为相关的工作提供了一定参考和依据。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to demonstrate that mindfulness meditation training can effectively improve loneliness, anxiety and depression in the elderly. By observing various thoughts of self-criticism, sitting meditation, friendship with change, and compassionate meditation, and combining the theoretical explanation of adjusting social cognition and how to effectively deal with negative emotions caused by loneliness, 40 elderly empty nesters in the representative urban area were selected and questioned by UCLA. Empty nesters with a score of 35 (significant loneliness experience) were divided into experimental group (20 persons) and control group (20 persons) according to the single blind random number grouping method. The control group was given no intervention. The experimental group was given meditation training for 8 weeks, once a week, each time for 1.5 hours. GDS-15 and GAI were tested and followed up for 1 month after training. The results showed that mindfulness meditation training could effectively reduce the loneliness, anxiety and depression of urban empty nesters, effectively alleviate the level of loneliness experience, and the intervention effect remained after 1 month. The study confirms that the mindfulness meditation training intervention program designed in this study is feasible and effective, and can be widely promoted in the elderly. It enriches the research on improving the mental health of empty nesters both theoretically and practically, and also provides some relevant work. Reference and basis.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6

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