动态评估在智障人士可就业能力预测中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-10-12 14:55

【摘要】：动态评估是一种通过施测者与被试之间的互动，使得被试的行为发生改变的一种测量方法，，通过对这种行为变化的考察，了解被试未来的发展水平或学习潜能。它是一种关注个体未来发展水平的互动式测量模式。这种评估采用前测---干预---后测的模式，施测者介于被试与所需要解决的问题之间，扮演中介角色，为被试提供解决策略或线索，被试每一次的正确或错误的反应，都会得到施测者及时提供的信息反馈，并且正确的行为得到及时强化。动态评估的出现，以维果斯基的社会文化理论和最近发展区为思想基础，目的是消除社会、文化等环境因素和社会因素对个体造成不公平的评估。动态评估的有些模型就是针对特殊需要群体提出来的。智障人群由于其自身残疾，生活范围窄，社会接触贫乏，文化刺激不足，静态测验很难公平、准确的测量出他们的发展水平或者学习潜能。动态评估弥补了静态评估的不足，在对智障群体进行评估的过程中，不断提供帮助和信息反馈，这些干预措施使智障群体在能力上表现出两种水平，这两种水平的差距就是他们的能力潜能。本研究将动态评估运用到智障人士的可就业能力的测量中，采用了前测—干预---后测的评估模式，整个过程，包含了干预式评估和互动式评估两种模式，历时6个月,每次的干预方案是根据智障人士的就业能力结构进行设计. 本研究的研究结果如下：（1）动态评估可以有效测量出智障人士的可就业能力。（2）制约智障人士就业的是其适应性和职业价值观。（3）通过动态评估测量出智障人士的可就业能力，进行人岗匹配，可以提高就业率，节约培训成本。
[Abstract]:Dynamic evaluation is a kind of measurement method which can change the behavior of the subjects through the interaction between the testers and the subjects. Through the investigation of this behavior change, we can understand the development level or learning potential of the subjects in the future. It is an interactive measurement mode focused on the level of future development of individuals. This assessment was conducted in a pre-test-intervention-post-test model, in which the subjects played an intermediary role between the subjects and the problems they needed to solve, providing them with a solution strategy or clue, and a correct or wrong response to each time. Will receive timely information feedback from the tester, and the correct behavior is timely strengthened. The emergence of dynamic assessment is based on Vygoski's theory of social culture and the recent development area. The purpose is to eliminate the social, cultural and other environmental factors and social factors that cause unfair evaluation to individuals. Some models of dynamic assessment are presented for special needs groups. Because of their own disability, narrow living range, poor social contact, lack of cultural stimulation, static test is difficult to fair, accurate measurement of their level of development or learning potential. Dynamic assessment makes up for the deficiency of static assessment, and provides continuous help and information feedback in the process of assessing the mentally handicapped group. These interventions make the mentally handicapped group demonstrate two levels of ability. The difference between these two levels is their potential. In this study, the dynamic assessment was applied to the measurement of employability of the mentally handicapped, and the evaluation model of pre-test, intervention-post-test was adopted. The whole process consisted of two models, interventional assessment and interactive evaluation, which lasted for six months. Each intervention is designed according to the employability structure of the mentally handicapped. The results of this study are as follows: (1) dynamic assessment can effectively measure the employability of persons with intellectual disabilities. The employability of people with intellectual disabilities is measured by dynamic assessment, Carry on the person post match, can increase the employment rate, save the training cost.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B841.7

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