共情与受害者识别性对亲社会行为的影响：情绪的中介作用

发布时间：2018-11-03 21:39

【摘要】：亲社会行为(prosocial behavior)是给他人带来利益的行为,它受到来自个体和情境多种因素的影响。有研究发现,共情是影响亲社会行为的重要个体因素,而受害者识别性是影响亲社会行为的重要情境因素。因此,本文试图从个人(共情)与情境(受害者识别性)交互作用的角度对亲社会行为进行系统研究。本文共包括三个研究：研究一探讨了在我国背景下是否也存在受害者识别效应(identifiable victim effect);研究二引入共情这一个体因素,从共情倾向和共情操作两个层面探讨其与受害者识别性对亲社会行为的影响；研究三引入情绪这一变量进一步探讨了共情与受害者识别性对亲社会行为影响的内在机制。结果表明： (1)人们对可识别受害者的捐款意愿显著高于不可识别受害者； (2)共情倾向与受害者识别性在捐款意愿上交互作用显著。高共情倾向的被试在可识别条件下的捐款意愿显著高于不可识别条件；低共情倾向被试的捐款意愿不受受害者识别性的影响； (3)共情操作与受害者识别性在捐款意愿上交互作用显著。共情关注组被试在可识别条件下的捐款意愿显著高于不可识别条件；非共情关注组被试的捐款意愿不受受害者识别性的影响； (4)情绪在共情(共情倾向和共情操作)与受害者识别性对亲社会行为的影响中具有显著的中介作用。
[Abstract]:Prosocial behavior (prosocial behavior) is a kind of behavior that brings benefits to others, and it is influenced by many factors from individuals and situations. Some studies have found that empathy is an important individual factor affecting prosocial behavior, while victim identification is an important situational factor affecting prosocial behavior. Therefore, this paper attempts to systematically study prosocial behavior from the perspective of personal (empathy) and situational (victim identifiability) interaction. This paper includes three studies: the first study discusses whether there is a victim recognition effect (identifiable victim effect); in the context of our country. In the second study, we introduced the individual factor of empathy, and discussed its influence on the pro-social behavior from the two aspects of empathy tendency and empathy operation. In the third study, the influence of empathy and victim identifiability on prosocial behavior was further explored by introducing emotion as a variable. The results show that: (1) people's willingness to donate to identifiable victims is significantly higher than that of unidentifiable victims; (2) empathy and identification of victims have a significant interaction in the willingness to donate. The willingness to donate under identifiable condition was significantly higher than that under unidentifiable condition in the subjects with high empathy tendency, while the willingness to donate was not affected by the identifiability of the victim in the low empathy tendency group. (3) the interaction between empathy and victim identification is significant in donor willingness. The willingness to donate under identifiable conditions was significantly higher in the empathy concern group than in the unidentifiable condition, while the willingness of the non-empathy concern group was not affected by the victim identification. (4) emotion plays a significant intermediary role in the influence of empathy (empathy tendency and empathy manipulation) and victim identification on prosocial behavior.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B842.6

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