联结竞争对听写困难儿童形音联结编码的影响

发布时间：2018-11-13 07:35

【摘要】：听写困难是一种发生率较高的儿童学习障碍现象。听写困难的认知机制,主要包括语音加工缺陷、字形表征缺陷以及形音联结编码缺陷。本研究通过两个实验,考察了整字语音竞争和部件语音竞争,对听写困难儿童形音联结编码的影响。结果发现,在不同条件下,听写困难儿童的形音联结水平都落后于正常儿童;整字语音竞争显著干扰了正常儿童的形音联结编码,但对听写困难儿童的影响并不明显;与之相反的是,部件语音竞争对听写困难儿童的干扰更为明显。研究结果支持听写困难儿童的形音联结编码缺陷理论。在此基础上,听写困难儿童的形音联结较少受到整字语音的竞争干扰,但更容易受到部件语音的竞争干扰,这可能是因为,他(她)们的整体字形加工或表征存在缺陷,导致原生字字形和语音信息难以被激活,以及合体字的部件信息得到更多的加工所致。
[Abstract]:Dictation is a high incidence of learning disabilities in children. The cognitive mechanism of dictation difficulty mainly includes phonetic defects, glyph representation defects and phonetic association coding defects. In this study, two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of whole word speech competition and component phonetic competition on the phonetic association coding of children with dictation difficulties. The results showed that under different conditions, the level of shape and sound association of dictation difficulty children was lower than that of normal children, and the competition of whole word pronunciation significantly interfered with the shape and sound association coding of normal children, but the influence on dictation difficulty children was not obvious. In contrast, speech competition of components interferes more with children with dictation difficulties. The results support the theory of phonetic association coding defect in children with dictation difficulties. On this basis, the phonetic association of children with dictation difficulties is less interfered by the competition of the whole word pronunciation, but is more likely to be interfered by the competition of the speech of parts, which may be due to the defects in their overall glyph processing or representation. As a result, it is difficult to activate the original font and phonetic information, and the part information of the character is processed more.
【作者单位】：苏州大学心理系;北京师范大学心理学院;
【基金】：国家社科重大项目“儿童阅读障碍的认知机制及其干预”(基金号:14ZDB157)
【分类号】：B842

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