基于结构方程模型的贵州省中学生自杀态度影响因素分析

发布时间：2018-12-18 02:49

【摘要】：目的了解贵州省中学生自杀态度现状,基于结构方程模型分析中学生自杀态度影响因素,为自杀危机干预提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法在贵州省抽取3个地区共5 109名中学生,应用自编问卷、自杀态度问卷(Suicide Attitude Questionnaire,QSA)、中学生抑郁自评量表进行调查,数据采用SPSS 17.0和Amos 23.0进行因子分析及构建结构方程模型。结果 5 109名中学生中对自杀行为、自杀者、自杀者家属和安乐死持肯定、宽容态度的学生分别有192(3.8%),1 845(36.1%),3 475(68.0%)和1 063人(20.8%)。有无宗教信仰、是否住校、是否独生子女、是否留守、学校所在地、不同年级及不同地区的中学生自杀态度得分差异均有统计学意义(P值均0.05)。结构方程模型显示,抑郁、焦虑情绪对自杀态度的影响最大(总效应为0.304),其次是父母教养方式、家庭氛围、社会欺辱和生命有关教育(总效应分别为0.237,0.202,0.187,0.095)。结论贵州省中学生对自杀的认识有待提高,抑郁、焦虑情绪及父母教养方式对中学生的自杀态度影响较明显,预防中学生自杀更应注重中学生的心理健康及背景,同时需改善父母教养方式。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the present situation of suicide attitude of middle school students in Guizhou province and analyze the influencing factors of suicide attitude of middle school students based on structural equation model so as to provide reference for suicide crisis intervention. Methods A total of 5 109 middle school students were selected from 3 districts in Guizhou province by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. The self-designed questionnaire and the suicide attitude questionnaire (Suicide Attitude Questionnaire,QSA) were used to investigate the depression self-rating scale of middle school students. The data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 and Amos 23.0 and the structural equation model was constructed. Results among the 5 109 middle school students, 192 (3.8%) were positive about suicide behavior, 1 845 (36.1%) were tolerant, and 192 (3.8%) were family members of suicides and euthanasia. 3,475 (68.0%) and 1,063 (20.8%). Whether there is religious belief, whether living in school, whether the only child, whether to stay or not, the school location, different grades and different areas of middle school students' suicide attitude scores were significantly different (P all 0.05). The structural equation model showed that depression and anxiety had the greatest influence on suicidal attitude (total effect was 0.304), followed by parental rearing style and family atmosphere. Social bullying and life related education (the total effect was 0.237 0.202 ~ 0.187 ~ 0.095). Conclusion the cognition of suicide among middle school students in Guizhou province needs to be improved. Depression, anxiety and parental rearing style have obvious influence on the attitude towards suicide of middle school students. The mental health and background of middle school students should be paid more attention to in the prevention of middle school students' suicide. At the same time, there is a need to improve parental rearing.
【作者单位】：贵州医科大学公共卫生学院;
【分类号】：B848

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