词—面孔stroop范式中的情绪冲突效应研究
发布时间：2019-01-07 21:34
【摘要】：日常生活中,我们不可避免的会产生许许多多的情绪,由于每个人与社会、与他人的紧密联系,情绪的发生基本上不可能是单一的,势必会出现情绪冲突的情况。关于情绪冲突的研究范式主要有5种:情绪stroop范式、词—面孔stroop范式、情绪Flanker范式、情绪启动范式以及身体—词情绪冲突任务。其中,词—面孔stroop范式被认为是直接测量情绪冲突最有效的范式,也是运用最广泛的范式。情绪冲突虽然是心理学研究领域的热门,但是综合以往研究发现,仍存在一些局限,如以往关于任务类型对情绪冲突的研究较少,且结论不一致;关于对情绪冲突的影响更多的集中在性别、呈现时间、冲突概率等方面,对于注意资源分配对情绪冲突的影响研究较少。本研究采用词-面孔情绪stroop范式来研究在不同注意资源分配条件下,任务类型对情绪冲突效应的影响。具体为:第一,在注意资源偏向分配情况下,分析不同任务类型引起的情绪冲突效应之间是否有显著差异;第二,在注意资源均等分配情况下,分析刺激材料的物理特征所引起的情绪冲突效应之间是否有显著差异。实验一采用2(任务类型:词汇判断、面孔判断)×2(词汇-面孔情绪价的一致性:冲突、一致)被试内实验设计,被试需要完成两组任务,一组任务为词汇判断任务,一组任务为面孔判断任务,因变量为被试的反应时和正确率。词汇(面孔)判断任务:要求被试判断面孔中央位置书写的情绪词的情绪类型,同时忽略面孔(词汇)表情。结果发现,无论在词汇判断任务还是面孔判断任务中,研究生群体中存在情绪冲突效应;在反应时方面,任务类型对情绪冲突效应的没有影响;在正确率方面,当词汇-面孔情绪价产生冲突的情况下,任务类型对正确率的有显著影响,而在词汇-面孔情绪价一致的情况下,任务类型对正确率的没有影响;实验刺激中非目标刺激即背景刺激的情绪价为负性时,对目标刺激的影响更大,产生更加强烈的情绪冲突效应;男生、女生在两种类型的任务中,只有在词汇-面孔情绪价一致时男生的正确率显著高于女生。而在两种类型的任务中,男生和女生的反应时无显著性差异。实验二采用3(任务类型:词-面孔一致性判断、情绪词对一致性判断、情绪面孔一致性判断)×2(词汇-面孔情绪价的一致性:冲突、一致)被试内实验设计,被试需要完成三组任务,一组任务为词汇-面孔一致性判断任务,另一组任务为情绪词对的一致性判断任务,最后一组任务为情绪面孔对的一致性判断任务。实验一中被试主要将注意资源集中在目标刺激上,实验二中则将注意资源均等分配在词汇和面孔上,因此实验一是在注意偏向分配条件下进行,实验二是在注意均等分配的条件下进行。结果发现,研究生群体在三种类型的任务中均出现了情绪冲突效应;四种材料类别的差异分析中,尽管目标刺激均为正性或者负性时,都属于一致条件,但是当目标刺激均为负性时,无论反应时还是正确率,与目标刺激均为正性时存在显著差异;在词-词一致性判断任务中,目标刺激中积极情绪词与消极情绪词呈现的位置也会对情绪冲突效应产生影响;在三种一致性判断任务中,男生的正确率均显著低于女生;除面孔一致性判断任务中冲突条件外,男生在其他条件下反应时均显著长于女生。在注意均等分配条件下,刺激材料的物理特征相同时,情绪冲突效应更小,注意资源的分配方式对情绪冲突效应存在影响。综上所述,可以得出:第一,研究生群体中存在情绪冲突效应;第二,任务类型对情绪冲突效应会有一定的影响;第三,负性的情绪信息会得到更多的加工,产生更多的干扰;第四,注意资源的分配方式会对情绪冲突效应产生影响。
[Abstract]:In daily life, we will inevitably have a lot of emotions, because each person and society, with other people's close contact, the occurrence of the emotion is basically impossible to be single, and the situation of the emotional conflict is bound to occur. There are five types of the research paradigm about the emotional conflict: the mood-strop paradigm, the word-to-face stoop paradigm, the mood flannker paradigm, the emotional start-up paradigm, and the physical and emotional conflict tasks. It is the most effective paradigm for direct measurement of emotional conflict, and the most widely used paradigm. Although the emotional conflict is a hot topic in the field of psychological research, it has been found that there are still some limitations, such as less research on the type of task to the emotional conflict, and the conclusion is not consistent; the influence on the emotional conflict is more focused on the gender, the presentation time, In aspects of conflict probability and so on, attention is paid to the influence of resource allocation on emotional conflict. In this study, the influence of task type on the effect of emotional conflict is studied by using the word-face-emotion-step paradigm to study the effect of task type on the effect of emotional conflict under different attention resource allocation conditions. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, analyzing whether there is a significant difference between the emotional conflict effects caused by different task types, there is a significant difference between the effects of the emotional conflict caused by the physical characteristics of the stimulation material. Experiment 1 adopts 2 (task type: vocabulary judgment, face judgment) and 2 (the consistency of the vocabulary-face emotional price: the conflict, the agreement) is tested in the experimental design, the test needs to complete the two groups of tasks, a group of tasks is the vocabulary judgment task, a group of tasks is the face judgment task, and the reaction time and the correct rate of the variables are tested. Vocabulary (face) judgment task: the emotion type of the mood word written in the central position of the face is required to be judged, and the face (vocabulary) expression is ignored. The result shows that, in the task of vocabulary judgment or face judgment, there is the effect of emotional conflict in the post-graduate group, and the task type has no effect on the effect of the emotion conflict in the course of the reaction; in the case of the correct rate, when the vocabulary-face emotional price conflicts, The task type has a significant influence on the accuracy rate, and in the case of the consistency of the vocabulary-face emotional price, the task type has no influence on the accuracy rate; when the emotional price of the non-target stimulation in the experimental stimulation, that is, the background stimulus is negative, the effect on the target stimulation is greater, There are more intense emotional conflict effects; for boys, in both types of tasks, only when the vocabulary-face emotional price is the same, the rate of the male is significantly higher than that of the female. In both types of tasks, there was no significant difference in the response of boys and girls. Experiment 2 uses 3 (task type: word-face consistency judgment, mood word to consistency judgment, emotion face consistency judgment) and 2 (consistency of vocabulary-face emotional price: conflict, agreement) is tested in experimental design, and the test needs to complete three groups of tasks. a group of tasks is a vocabulary-face consistency judgment task, another group of tasks is the consistency judgment task of the mood word pair, and the last group of tasks is the consistency judgment task of the emotion face pair. In the experiment 1, attention should be paid to the concentration of the resource in the target stimulus, and in the experiment 2, attention should be paid to the distribution of resources equally on the vocabulary and the face, so the experiment is carried out under the condition of attention bias distribution, and the experiment 2 is carried out under the condition of equal distribution. The results show that the post-graduate population has the effects of emotional conflict in three types of tasks. In the difference analysis of the four types of materials, although the target stimuli are positive or negative, they belong to the same condition, but when the target stimulus is negative, in that word-word consistency judgment task, the position of the positive emotion word and the negative emotion word in the target stimulation can also influence the effect of the emotion conflict; in the three consistency judgment tasks, The correct rate of the male students was significantly lower than that of the female students; in addition to the conflict conditions in the task of judging the consistency of the face, the male students were significantly longer than the girls under other conditions. Under the condition of equal distribution, the physical characteristics of the stimulation materials are the same, the effect of emotional conflict is smaller, and attention is paid to the effect of the distribution of resources on the effect of emotional conflict. In conclusion, it can be concluded that the first and the post-graduate groups have the effect of emotional conflict; secondly, the task type has a certain effect on the effect of the emotion conflict; thirdly, the negative emotion information can be processed more, and more interference is generated; and fourthly, Note that the allocation of resources will have an impact on the effect of emotional conflict.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842
[Abstract]:In daily life, we will inevitably have a lot of emotions, because each person and society, with other people's close contact, the occurrence of the emotion is basically impossible to be single, and the situation of the emotional conflict is bound to occur. There are five types of the research paradigm about the emotional conflict: the mood-strop paradigm, the word-to-face stoop paradigm, the mood flannker paradigm, the emotional start-up paradigm, and the physical and emotional conflict tasks. It is the most effective paradigm for direct measurement of emotional conflict, and the most widely used paradigm. Although the emotional conflict is a hot topic in the field of psychological research, it has been found that there are still some limitations, such as less research on the type of task to the emotional conflict, and the conclusion is not consistent; the influence on the emotional conflict is more focused on the gender, the presentation time, In aspects of conflict probability and so on, attention is paid to the influence of resource allocation on emotional conflict. In this study, the influence of task type on the effect of emotional conflict is studied by using the word-face-emotion-step paradigm to study the effect of task type on the effect of emotional conflict under different attention resource allocation conditions. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, analyzing whether there is a significant difference between the emotional conflict effects caused by different task types, there is a significant difference between the effects of the emotional conflict caused by the physical characteristics of the stimulation material. Experiment 1 adopts 2 (task type: vocabulary judgment, face judgment) and 2 (the consistency of the vocabulary-face emotional price: the conflict, the agreement) is tested in the experimental design, the test needs to complete the two groups of tasks, a group of tasks is the vocabulary judgment task, a group of tasks is the face judgment task, and the reaction time and the correct rate of the variables are tested. Vocabulary (face) judgment task: the emotion type of the mood word written in the central position of the face is required to be judged, and the face (vocabulary) expression is ignored. The result shows that, in the task of vocabulary judgment or face judgment, there is the effect of emotional conflict in the post-graduate group, and the task type has no effect on the effect of the emotion conflict in the course of the reaction; in the case of the correct rate, when the vocabulary-face emotional price conflicts, The task type has a significant influence on the accuracy rate, and in the case of the consistency of the vocabulary-face emotional price, the task type has no influence on the accuracy rate; when the emotional price of the non-target stimulation in the experimental stimulation, that is, the background stimulus is negative, the effect on the target stimulation is greater, There are more intense emotional conflict effects; for boys, in both types of tasks, only when the vocabulary-face emotional price is the same, the rate of the male is significantly higher than that of the female. In both types of tasks, there was no significant difference in the response of boys and girls. Experiment 2 uses 3 (task type: word-face consistency judgment, mood word to consistency judgment, emotion face consistency judgment) and 2 (consistency of vocabulary-face emotional price: conflict, agreement) is tested in experimental design, and the test needs to complete three groups of tasks. a group of tasks is a vocabulary-face consistency judgment task, another group of tasks is the consistency judgment task of the mood word pair, and the last group of tasks is the consistency judgment task of the emotion face pair. In the experiment 1, attention should be paid to the concentration of the resource in the target stimulus, and in the experiment 2, attention should be paid to the distribution of resources equally on the vocabulary and the face, so the experiment is carried out under the condition of attention bias distribution, and the experiment 2 is carried out under the condition of equal distribution. The results show that the post-graduate population has the effects of emotional conflict in three types of tasks. In the difference analysis of the four types of materials, although the target stimuli are positive or negative, they belong to the same condition, but when the target stimulus is negative, in that word-word consistency judgment task, the position of the positive emotion word and the negative emotion word in the target stimulation can also influence the effect of the emotion conflict; in the three consistency judgment tasks, The correct rate of the male students was significantly lower than that of the female students; in addition to the conflict conditions in the task of judging the consistency of the face, the male students were significantly longer than the girls under other conditions. Under the condition of equal distribution, the physical characteristics of the stimulation materials are the same, the effect of emotional conflict is smaller, and attention is paid to the effect of the distribution of resources on the effect of emotional conflict. In conclusion, it can be concluded that the first and the post-graduate groups have the effect of emotional conflict; secondly, the task type has a certain effect on the effect of the emotion conflict; thirdly, the negative emotion information can be processed more, and more interference is generated; and fourthly, Note that the allocation of resources will have an impact on the effect of emotional conflict.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842
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