吗啡对不同距离条件下大鼠信号追踪和目标追踪的影响

发布时间：2019-01-10 21:28

【摘要】：条件刺激短暂呈现并消失后,奖赏立即呈现,多次匹配后诱导出动物对条件刺激(信号追踪)或奖赏呈现装置如食盒(目标追踪)的接近。条件刺激与食盒间的距离是影响信号/目标追踪反应和损害联结学习的重要变量,成瘾药物能够增加奖赏的诱因动机,进而增加个体的奖赏寻求行为。距离能否通过损害联结学习而减弱成瘾药物的动机放大作用尚未见到报道。本实验采用autoshaping模型,考察8、30和60 cm距离条件下吗啡处理对大鼠信号追踪和目标追踪的影响。结果发现:(1)信号追踪随距离增加而减少,目标追踪对距离不敏感。(2)急性吗啡处理减少8、30和60 cm条件下信号追踪而增加8和60 cm条件下目标追踪,慢性吗啡处理在8和30 cm条件下减少信号追踪增加目标追踪;消退检测中,吗啡前暴露减少8和60 cm条件下信号追踪而增加60 cm条件下目标追踪。(3)辨别反转学习中,吗啡前暴露使30和60 cm条件下的大鼠偏爱旧信号、辨别力受损,减少8、30和60 cm条件下大鼠对新信号的接触。这些结果提示,距离较少影响吗啡的信号追踪抑制作用和目标追踪增强效应,而易化吗啡前暴露对反转学习的损害。说明距离是易化成瘾药物对联结学习不利影响而非反转其动机放大作用的重要因素。
[Abstract]:After the conditioned stimulus is briefly presented and disappeared, the reward is presented immediately. After multiple matches, the animal approaches to the conditioned stimulus (signal tracking) or the reward presentation device such as the food box (target tracking). The distance between conditioned stimulus and food box is an important variable that affects signal / target tracking response and impaired association learning. Addictive drugs can increase the incentive motivation of reward and then increase individual reward seeking behavior. Whether distance can attenuate the motivational amplification of addictive drugs through impaired association learning has not been reported. Autoshaping model was used to investigate the effects of morphine treatment on signal tracking and target tracking in rats at 830 and 60 cm distances. The results showed that: (1) signal tracking decreased with the increase of range, and target tracking was insensitive to range. (2) when acute morphine treatment was reduced by 8 ~ 30 and 60 cm, signal tracking was increased by 8 and 60 cm. Chronic morphine treatment reduced signal tracking and increased target tracking at 8 and 30 cm. In the regression test, the signal tracing was decreased by 8 and 60 cm before morphine exposure, but the target tracking was increased at 60 cm. (3) in discriminant reverse learning, the rats exposed to morphine at 30 and 60 cm preexposure preferred the old signals and the discriminant ability was impaired. Reduction of exposure to new signals in rats at 830 and 60 cm. These results suggest that less distance affects the signal tracking inhibition and target tracking enhancement of morphine, while the preexposure to morphine facilitates the damage to reverse learning. Distance is an important factor that facilitates addictive drugs to influence association learning rather than reverse their motivational amplification.
【作者单位】：首都师范大学心理学系;淮阴师范学院教科院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31470989) 江苏省自然科学基金(BK20130415)资助
【分类号】：B845.4

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