图标熟悉度及变化类型对变化盲视影响的眼动研究

发布时间：2019-02-11 21:40

【摘要】：图标是有指代意义的图形符号,其在传达信息过程中具有快捷、形象、方便理解与记忆的优势。图标根据所传达意义的不同也会发生相应的变化,人们有时对图标发生的变化视而不见,出现变化盲视现象。本研究以图标作为研究材料,采用变化盲视的迫选探测范式,探讨图标的熟悉度及变化类型对变化盲视现象的影响。实验一采用迫选探测范式,以在校大学生做为研究对象,采用2(熟悉度:高熟悉度,低熟悉度)×2(变化类型:结构变化,颜色变化)完全被试内实验设计,以反应时、正确率及眼动指标为因变量,探讨不同熟悉度与变化类型对图标变化盲视现象的影响。为了减少被试的猜测率,实验二改变图标的呈现方式与反应按键任务。由图标单个呈现改为同时呈现配对的两个图标,配对的图标一个为高熟悉度,一个为低熟悉度;由实验一中“有变化”、“没变化”两个反应选项改为“左边图标发生变化”、“右边图标发生变化”和“没有图标发生变化”三个反应选项。依然是2(熟悉度:高熟悉度,低熟悉度)×2(变化类型:结构变化,颜色变化)双因素被试内实验设计,以反应时、正确率及眼动指标为因变量,继续探究熟悉度与变化类型对变化盲视现象的影响。实验结果表明:(1)熟悉度对变化盲视现象有显著影响,被试对高熟悉度图标变化探测的正确率显著高于低熟悉度图标,反应时也显著短于低熟悉度图标。(2)变化类型对变化盲视现象有显著影响,被试对图标颜色变化的觉察正确率显著高于结构变化,颜色变化反应时显著短于结构变化的反应时。(3)熟悉度与变化类型对图标变化位置的定位速度影响有交互作用,眼动指标表明被试对高熟悉度图标条件下两种变化类型定位速度没有显著差异,但是对低熟悉度图标颜色变化定位速度显著快于结构变化。(4)不同熟悉度图标单独呈现时,高熟悉度图标平均注视时间显著短于低熟悉度图标;当高熟悉度图标与低熟悉度图标同时呈现时,对低熟悉度图标的注视次数及注视时间显著高于高熟悉度图标。在本研究条件下,得出的研究结论是:(1)在图标变化探测过程中,越熟悉的图标越不容易发生变化盲视现象。(2)在图标变化探测过程中,与颜色变化相比,结构变化更容易发生变化盲视现象。(3)熟悉度对不同属性变化类型的变化探测有影响,高熟悉度图标无论是结构变化还是颜色变化,人们对变化位置的定位速度都比较快,而低熟悉度的图标发生变化时,人们对颜色变化的位置定位更快。(4)人们对低熟悉度图标的认知加工需要付出更多努力,对高熟悉度图标认知加工存在明显优势。
[Abstract]:Icon is a symbolic graphic symbol, which has the advantages of rapidity, image, comprehension and memory in the process of conveying information. Icon also changes according to the different meaning, people sometimes turn a blind eye to the change of icon. In this study, the influence of the familiarity of icon and the type of icon on the phenomenon of changing blind vision was investigated by using the forced detection paradigm of variable blind vision. In experiment one, the forced detection paradigm was adopted, and the college students were chosen as the research objects. The experiment was designed by using 2 (familiarity: high familiarity, low familiarity) 脳 2 (change type: structure change, color change) in the whole subjects. The correct rate and eye movement index are dependent variables to explore the influence of different familiarity and change type on the blind visual phenomenon of icon change. In order to reduce the guessing rate of the subjects, experiment 2 changed the presentation of the icon and the response keystroke task. Two icons are presented simultaneously, one is high familiarity, the other is low familiarity. From experiment 1, "change", "no change" two response options to "left icon change", "right icon change" and "no icon change" three response options. Still 2 (familiarity: high familiarity, low familiarity) 脳 2 (change type: structure change, color change) double-factor experiment design, with reaction time, correct rate and eye movement index as dependent variable, Continue to explore the influence of familiarity and change types on the change of blind vision. The experimental results show that: (1) familiarity has a significant effect on the change of blind vision, and the correct rate of detecting the change of high familiarity icon is significantly higher than that of low familiarity icon. The response time was also significantly shorter than that of low familiarity icon. (2) the change type had a significant effect on the change of blind vision, and the correct rate of detection of color change of icon was significantly higher than that of structural change. Color change reaction time was significantly shorter than that of structure change reaction time. (3) familiarity and change type had interactive effects on the location speed of icon change position. Eye movement index showed that there was no significant difference in localization speed between the two change types under the condition of high familiarity icon, but the localization speed of color change of low familiarity icon was significantly faster than that of structure change. (4) when the different familiarity icon was presented alone, The average fixation time of high familiarity icon was significantly shorter than that of low familiarity icon. When the high familiarity icon and the low familiarity icon are presented at the same time, the fixation times and fixation time of the low familiarity icon are significantly higher than that of the high familiarity icon. Under the condition of this study, the conclusions are as follows: (1) in the process of icon change detection, the more familiar icon is, the less likely it is to change blind vision. (2) in the process of icon change detection, compared with color change, (3) familiarity has an effect on the detection of changes in different attribute change types. Whether it is structural change or color change, the location speed of changing position is faster. When the low familiarity icon changes, the location of color change is faster. (4) people need to pay more effort to the low familiarity icon cognitive processing, there are obvious advantages to the high familiarity icon cognitive processing.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

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