基于目标进展视角的承诺升级研究

发布时间：2019-03-20 19:40

【摘要】：承诺升级是指决策者在面对失败的结果时,仍然向先前的行动继续投入资源的决策和行为。以往对承诺升级的研究较多探究决策过程的影响因素,而很少研究初始目标对承诺升级的影响。本研究将承诺升级看作决策者追求目标的过程,从目标进展视角出发,分别探讨目标进展、目标坚持和目标承诺对承诺升级的影响。本研究采用承诺升级情境实验的研究方法,随机选取上海市某高校的大学生作为被试,分别完成三个实验中改编的情境,分别为飞机制造情境、基金赞助情境和软件项目情境。实验一采用的是单变量被试间实验设计,其中感知到的项目成功可能性为中介变量。实验二采用的是2(目标进展:高/低)*2(目标坚持:高/低)被试间实验设计。实验三采用的是2(目标进展:高/低)*2(目标承诺:高/低)被试间实验设计。对收集到的数据使用SPSS19.0进行方差分析,结果发现:(1)目标进展对承诺升级的方差分析结果显著,项目成功可能性在目标进展对承诺升级的影响中起着中介作用。(2)目标坚持对承诺升级的主效应显著,即目标坚持水平高的个体比目标坚持水平低的个体更容易出现承诺升级。(3)目标进展和目标承诺之间存在交互作用。在目标进展水平低的情况下,目标承诺水平高的个体比目标承诺水平低的个体更容易出现承诺升级,而在目标进展水平高的情况下,无论目标承诺水平高还是低,承诺升级的得分都较高。综上可以看出,个体对于目标的追求过程中受到目标相关变量的影响,目标坚持、目标承诺和目标进展都对决策者承诺升级产生显著影响。本研究结果对承诺升级领域的理论和现实研究都有一定的意义。
[Abstract]:Commitment escalation is the decision-making and behavior of decision makers who continue to invest resources into previous actions in the face of failure. In the past, the research on commitment escalation mainly explored the influencing factors of decision-making process, but rarely studied the impact of initial goals on commitment escalation. In this study, commitment escalation is regarded as a process for decision makers to pursue goals. From the perspective of goal progress, the effects of goal progress, goal persistence and goal commitment on commitment escalation are discussed respectively. This study adopts the method of committed upgrading situational experiment, and randomly selects college students from a certain university in Shanghai as subjects to complete the adaptation of three scenarios, namely, aircraft manufacturing situation, fund sponsorship situation and software project situation. In the first experiment, a single-variable inter-test design was used, in which the perceived success probability of the project was a mediating variable. Experiment 2 was designed with 2 (goal Progress: high / low) * 2 (goal persistence: high / low). Experiment 3 used a 2 (goal Progress: high / low) * 2 (goal commitment: high / low) intertest design. SPSS19.0 was used to analyze the variance of the collected data. The results were as follows: (1) the result of ANOVA of goal progress versus commitment upgrade was significant. The possibility of project success plays an intermediary role in the impact of goal progress on commitment escalation. (2) the main effect of goal persistence on commitment escalation is significant. That is, individuals with high goal persistence level are more likely to develop commitment escalation than those with low goal persistence level. (3) there is interaction between goal progress and goal commitment. When the level of progress is low, individuals with high level of goal commitment are more likely to develop commitment escalation than those with low level of goal commitment, and in the case of high level of goal progress, regardless of whether the level of goal commitment is high or low, Promises to upgrade scores are higher. It can be seen that the individual's pursuit of the goal is influenced by the objective-related variables, and the goal persistence, goal commitment and goal progress all have a significant impact on the commitment escalation of the decision-makers. The results of this study are of great significance to both theoretical and practical research in the field of commitment upgrading.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842

【参考文献】