青少年和成人采用认知重评减弱内疚情绪的差异
发布时间：2019-07-09 15:38
【摘要】：内疚是个体在违背内化社会标准后所产生的一种负性自我意识情绪,内疚可能导致抑郁等情绪问题,也可能损害个体的社会关系。采用有效的情绪调节策略减弱内疚对青少年和成人来说都非常重要。认知重评中的距离感策略和重新理解策略是两种能够有效减弱负性情绪的情绪调节策略。大多数研究关注青少年和成人采用这两种策略减弱负性基本情绪的效果与差异。本研究的目的在于考察青少年和成人能否采用这两种策略减弱内疚情绪,同时,比较青少年和成人采用这两种策略减弱内疚的效果。研究一使用自传体记忆诱发个体的内疚情绪,通过两个实验分别比较了 15到16岁的青少年和18到22岁的成人使用距离感策略或重新理解策略对内疚的调节效果。结果发现青少年和成人都能够使用距离感和重新理解减弱内疚情绪,青少年采用距离感和重新理解减弱内疚的效果比成人差。为了进一步比较距离感策略和重新理解策略对内疚的调节效果,研究二采用混合设计,将情绪调节策略和情绪类型作为被试内变量,同时采用情绪反应—调节范式,用标准化的情绪故事诱发内疚或难过情绪,排除了实际调节经验的影响。结果表明青少年采用距离感策略对内疚的调节效果比重新理解策略差,距离感策略的调节效果比成人差,重新理解策略的调节效果与成人没有差异。研究一和研究二的结果意味着,青少年到成人阶段,距离感策略对内疚的调节效果有所提升,并不断接近重新理解策略的调节效果。重新理解策略对内疚的调节效果更容易通过练习提高。
[Abstract]:The guilt is a negative self-consciousness that the individual produces after the violation of the internalized social standard, and the guilt can lead to the emotional problems such as depression, and may also damage the social relations of the individual. The use of an effective emotional regulation strategy to reduce guilt is very important for adolescents and adults. The distance sense strategy and the re-understanding strategy in the cognitive reassessment are two emotion regulation strategies that can effectively reduce the negative emotion. The majority of the studies focus on the effect and difference of the two strategies used by adolescents and adults to reduce the negative basic mood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of adolescents and adults to reduce guilt by using these two strategies, and to compare the effects of both adolescents and adults with the two strategies to reduce guilt. Using self-transfer memory to induce the individual's guilt, two experiments were conducted to compare the effects of the 15-to-16-year-old and 18 to 22-year-old adults using a distance-sensitive strategy or a reunderstand strategy for guilt. As a result, it was found that both adolescents and adults were able to use a sense of distance and re-understand to reduce guilt, and that the effect of a sense of distance and a reunderstanding of the reduction of guilt was worse than that of the adult. in ord to further compare that adjustment effect of the distance sense strategy and the re-understand strategy to the guilt, Induced guilt or distress with a standardized emotional story, excluding the effect of actual adjustment experience. The results show that the adjustment effect of the distance sense strategy on the guilt is less than that of the adult, and the adjustment effect of the distance sense strategy is less than that of the adult, and the adjustment effect of the reunderstanding strategy is not different from that of the adult. The results of the study 1 and 2 mean that the adolescent-to-adult stage, the sense of distance, has improved the sense of guilt and is approaching the effect of a reunderstanding of the strategy. Reunderstanding the effect of the strategy on guilt is more likely to be improved by practice.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6
本文编号：2512249
[Abstract]:The guilt is a negative self-consciousness that the individual produces after the violation of the internalized social standard, and the guilt can lead to the emotional problems such as depression, and may also damage the social relations of the individual. The use of an effective emotional regulation strategy to reduce guilt is very important for adolescents and adults. The distance sense strategy and the re-understanding strategy in the cognitive reassessment are two emotion regulation strategies that can effectively reduce the negative emotion. The majority of the studies focus on the effect and difference of the two strategies used by adolescents and adults to reduce the negative basic mood. The purpose of this study was to investigate the ability of adolescents and adults to reduce guilt by using these two strategies, and to compare the effects of both adolescents and adults with the two strategies to reduce guilt. Using self-transfer memory to induce the individual's guilt, two experiments were conducted to compare the effects of the 15-to-16-year-old and 18 to 22-year-old adults using a distance-sensitive strategy or a reunderstand strategy for guilt. As a result, it was found that both adolescents and adults were able to use a sense of distance and re-understand to reduce guilt, and that the effect of a sense of distance and a reunderstanding of the reduction of guilt was worse than that of the adult. in ord to further compare that adjustment effect of the distance sense strategy and the re-understand strategy to the guilt, Induced guilt or distress with a standardized emotional story, excluding the effect of actual adjustment experience. The results show that the adjustment effect of the distance sense strategy on the guilt is less than that of the adult, and the adjustment effect of the distance sense strategy is less than that of the adult, and the adjustment effect of the reunderstanding strategy is not different from that of the adult. The results of the study 1 and 2 mean that the adolescent-to-adult stage, the sense of distance, has improved the sense of guilt and is approaching the effect of a reunderstanding of the strategy. Reunderstanding the effect of the strategy on guilt is more likely to be improved by practice.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：B842.6
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