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21世纪以来中国对东南亚援助研究

发布时间:2018-02-04 10:27

  本文关键词: 中国 对外援助 东南亚 出处:《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文 论文类型:学位论文


【摘要】:21世纪至今,中国对东南亚的援助已经走过了 16年的历史。2013年中国提出了“一带一路”合作倡议标志着中国新的对外战略的出炉,中国对东南亚的援助步入新的阶段。2013年中国提出“一带一路”合作倡议之后,中国对东南亚援助中在强调经济利益的同时突出其战略意义。21世纪中国对东南亚援助的主要方式包括成套项目建设、一般物资援助、技术合作、人力资源合作、援外医疗队、人道主义援助、援外志愿者、债务减免、军事援助等。其中成套项目援助为主要援助方式,人力资源开发合作和技术合作逐年增多,人道主义援助通常在东南亚发生严重灾害时实施,军事援助的份额较少。21世纪中国对东南亚的援助具有以下特点:鲜明的时代特征;在对东南亚的援助中经济利益考量仍占主要地位,战略意义开始提升;不附加任何政治条件;军事援助占比较少;强调受援国的能力建设;援助资金来源逐步多样化,多边援助逐渐增多。在动机层面,21世纪中国援助东南亚主要包括三个方面:政治安全动机、经济发展动机和人道主义动机。本文对于21世纪中国对东南亚援助的评价也基于21世纪中国对东南亚援助的动机分析。在不同的援助阶段,中国的对东南亚的援助取得了可喜的成果,也存在着缺陷。主要的成就在于:间接消除东南亚恐怖主义的土壤,有效地打击东南亚的毒品贸易;建立了自身的朋友圈,提高了自身的国际地位;树立了一个负责任的大国以及好邻居的形象;拓展国际市场,出口中国的产品和服务,保证原材料和能源资源的供应;塑造良好的周边经济环境;传播了中国的文化和价值观念;增加了中国在国际援助体系的话语权;促进了东南亚受援国经济社会的发展,救助了遭受重大灾难的人民。不足之处在于:中国自身对外援助体系的不健全;缺乏国别性援助政策指导,主动性不强;非政府机构组织在援助中的作用未得到有效发挥,民间组织参与程度较低;援助透明度不高,易招致国内民众和外国政府的批评;不擅于与当地人民和媒体处理关系,公关能力较弱。针对中国援助东南亚现存的问题,中国政府可以采取以下可行性措施:推进国内对外援助的立法工作,加快援外制度建设步伐;稳健发展中国对外援助理论研究;健全对外援助的决策管理评估机制建设;提高援助的透明化,积极与主流媒体和当地媒体进行合作;充分发挥非政府组织在对东南亚援助中的作用;加强与多边组织的合作,注重国际援助交流;深化在东南亚进行援助项目建设的工作人员培训,积极引导中国海外工作人员与当地人民和组织建立和谐的关系。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, China's aid to Southeast Asia has gone through 16 years. In 2013, China put forward the "Belt and Road" cooperation initiative, marking the launch of China's new foreign strategy. China's aid to Southeast Asia has entered a new phase, following China's "Belt and Road" cooperation initiative in 2013. China's aid to Southeast Asia emphasizes its strategic significance while emphasizing its economic interests. In the 21st century, the main ways of China's aid to Southeast Asia include complete sets of projects, general material assistance, and technical cooperation. Human resources cooperation, foreign medical teams, humanitarian assistance, foreign aid volunteers, debt relief, military assistance. Cooperation in human resources development and technical cooperation has increased year by year, and humanitarian assistance is usually carried out in times of severe disasters in South-East Asia. China's aid to Southeast Asia in the 21st century has the following characteristics: distinctive characteristics of the times; In the aid to Southeast Asia, the consideration of economic interests still occupies the main position, and the strategic significance begins to rise; No political conditions attached; Less military assistance; Emphasizing capacity-building in recipient countries; China's aid to Southeast Asia in the 21st century mainly includes three aspects: political security motivation. The economic development motive and the humanitarian motive. The evaluation of China's aid to Southeast Asia in 21th century is also based on the motive analysis of China's aid to Southeast Asia in 21th century. China's aid to Southeast Asia has achieved gratifying results, but also has shortcomings. The main achievements are: indirectly eliminate the soil of Southeast Asia terrorism, effectively crack down on the drug trade in Southeast Asia; Established its own Moments, improved its international status; The image of a responsible big country and a good neighbor; Expand the international market, export Chinese products and services, ensure the supply of raw materials and energy resources; Shaping a good surrounding economic environment; Spreading Chinese culture and values; Increased China's voice in the international aid system; It has promoted the economic and social development of the Southeast Asian recipient countries and rescued the people who have suffered great disaster. The shortcomings lie in: the unsound foreign aid system of China itself; Lack of country policy guidance and lack of initiative; The role of non-governmental organizations in aid has not been effectively played, and the participation of civil society organizations is low; Aid transparency is low and vulnerable to criticism from domestic and foreign governments; Not good at dealing with the local people and the media, the public relations ability is weak. In view of the existing problems of China's assistance to Southeast Asia, the Chinese government can take the following feasible measures: to promote domestic and foreign aid legislation. Speeding up the construction of foreign aid system; A theoretical study on the steady Development of China's Foreign Aid; Improve the decision-making management evaluation mechanism of foreign aid; (a) increase the transparency of aid and actively cooperate with the mainstream and local media; To give full play to the role of non-governmental organizations in aid to South-East Asia; Strengthening cooperation with multilateral organizations and focusing on the exchange of international assistance; To deepen the training of staff for aid projects in Southeast Asia and actively guide Chinese overseas staff to establish harmonious relations with local people and organizations.
【学位授予单位】:华中师范大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:D822.333


本文编号:1490018

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