One Belt, One Road freedom of goods in transit legal issues

  本文关键词：“一带一路”战略下过境自由的法律问题研究，，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。

“一带一路”战略下过境自由的法律问题研究

Legal Issues Related to the Freedom of Transit Under the ＂One Belt, One Road＂ Initiative

[1]

WANG Shu-min

大连海事大学国际海事法律研究中心贸易法研究室,116026

文章摘要：格老秀斯的海洋自由理论已演变为GATT等诸多国际条约中的过境自由,是助推“一带一路”下“贸易畅通”和“道路联通”的国际法依据。另一方面,发达国家发起的《反假冒贸易协定》不容小觑,其试图突破TRIPS的过境管辖底限,成为“一带一路”的隐患。WTO成员与非成员订立“一带一路”区域性过境协定时,面临着是否符合GATT最惠国待遇之例外原则的质疑。此外欧盟成员及欧盟法院的判例均引用过“制造假定”理论,授予过境国海关扣押过境货物的权力。为抵消上述影响,在WTO框架下签订开放度极高的区域性过境自由协定,提升中国在TRIPS理事会的地位,全面履行《贸易便利化协议》议定书,签订更多的双、多边过境条约,才是未雨绸缪的良策。

Abstr：Grotius＇ s theory on the freedom of the seas has evolved into the freedom of goods in transit in international agreements, such as the GATT, and the basis in international law for the free flow of trade and the linking of the transportation infrastructures of different countries. On the other hand, it is not ad- visable to ignore the ACTA, which has been proposed by developed countries. The ACTA has become a problem for the One Belt, One Road initiative because it attempts to increase the obligations concerning jurisdiction of goods in transit under the TRIPS. When WTO members enter into freedom-in-transit agreements with non-WTO members under the One Belt, One Road initiative, they face the problem of whether they would meet the exceptions to the general most-favored- nation treatment principles under the GATT. In addition, decisions from EU mem- bers and the European Court of Justice cite the ＂manufacturing fiction＂ doctrine to authorize customs officials of the transit country to detain goods in transit. In response to these circumstances, China should plan ahead to protect the freedom of transit under One Belt, One Road. First, it should enter into regional agree- ments with high degrees of openness on the subject of the freedom of transit un- der the WTO framework. Second, it should elevate its status in the TRIPS Coun- cil. Third, it should meet its obligations under the Trade Facilitation Agreement with a comprehensive strategy. Finally, it should enter into more bilateral and multilateral treaties.

文章关键词：

Keyword：:One Belt, One Road freedom of goods in transit legal issues

课题项目：[基金项目]本文获得中国法学会2014年度部级法学研究重点委托课题CLS（2014）WT06、辽宁省哲学社会科学规划基金项目（L13BFX009）、辽宁省教育厅哲学社会科学重大基础理论课题项口（ZW2013007）的资助,

作者信息：会员可见

  本文关键词：“一带一路”战略下过境自由的法律问题研究，由笔耕文化传播整理发布。