“一带一路”背景下开发性金融机构支持我国铁路公路建设研究

发布时间：2018-03-29 16:25

本文选题：“一带一路”　切入点：开发性金融机构　出处：《石河子大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：“一带一路”战略是促进我国经济增长、优化产业结构和中国实现“走出去”的重要渠道。该战略对我国的意义虽大,但存在很多挑战,特别是在初级阶段,交通基础设施是中长期投资项目,资金的筹集成为该战略顺利开展的根本保障。政策性金融以国家信用为基础,因其具有非营利性,出现资金使用效率低下、资源浪费的现象;商业性金融以追求利润最大化为目标,而该战略初期大都是中长期项目,各个商业性金融机构不愿意参与;开发性金融以国家信用为基础,以市场业绩为支柱,可以实现政府发展目标、弥补体制落后和市场失灵,同时其以服务国家战略为目标,在支持“一带一路”产业合作中有着独特的金融优势和社会资源优势。本文剖析了市场失灵与政府失灵理论、优序融资理论和金融发展理论,通过分析“一带一路”战略这个大背景,并用描述性统计的方法分析了开发性金融机构支持铁路公路的优势和现状。然后用灰色关联度方法分析了国开行贷款支持铁路和公路行业的效果,最后为国开行后续支持铁路公路行业提供可行性的意见和建议。研究发现:国开行铁路贷款占铁路固定资产投资的比例较大,并与铁路增长里程呈现较为一致的走势,说明国开行给予铁路行业的支持力度较大;国开行公路贷款占公路建设投资额的比例略小,且走势与公路增长里程走势相似度不高,说明国开行给予公路行业的支持力度较小。通过灰色关联分析可知,国开行铁路贷款对铁路行业的促进作用小于国开行公路贷款对公路行业的促进作用。且“一带一路”战略提出以后,国开行对铁路和公路的支持效果整体上呈下降趋势。为更好地推动铁路和公路行业的发展,提出以下几点建议可供参考:(1)国开行应该积极配合政府机构,制定具体规划,改善以往政策性金融资金使用效率低下的状态,同时调整贷款规模以满足铁路公路发展的需要;(2)国开行在给予铁路公路行业贷款支持的过程中,应加强资金监管,杜绝监督的空白,提高资金使用效率;(3)国开行在给予铁路公路项目贷款支持过程中,简化手续,提供绿色通道;(4)国开行应搭建“一带一路”重点行业融资平台与信用平台,鼓励商业性金融机构和私人资本参与到该战略中来;(5)国开行应加强与铁路和公路公司的合作,促进各方积极参与,充分发挥自身优势。
[Abstract]:The "Belt and Road" strategy is an important channel to promote China's economic growth, optimize its industrial structure, and realize China's "going out". Although this strategy is of great significance to our country, there are many challenges, especially in the initial stage. Transportation infrastructure is a medium and long-term investment project, and the raising of funds becomes the fundamental guarantee for the smooth development of the strategy. The policy-oriented finance is based on the state credit, because of its non-profit nature, the phenomenon of inefficient use of funds and waste of resources occurs. The goal of commercial finance is to maximize profits, and most of the initial stages of the strategy are medium- and long-term projects, and various commercial financial institutions are unwilling to participate. Development finance is based on national credit and is underpinned by market performance. To achieve government development goals, compensate for institutional backwardness and market failures, and aim at serving national strategies, There are unique financial advantages and social resource advantages in supporting Belt and Road's industrial cooperation. This paper analyzes the theories of market failure and government failure, preferential financing theory and financial development theory. By analyzing the background of "Belt and Road" strategy, The advantage and present situation of developing financial institutions supporting railway highway are analyzed by descriptive statistical method, and then the effect of CDB loan supporting railway and highway industry is analyzed by grey correlation method. Finally, it provides some feasible suggestions for CDB to support the railway and highway industry. The study finds that CDB railway loans account for a large proportion of railway fixed assets investment, and show a more consistent trend with railway growth mileage. The result shows that CDB has great support for railway industry, that CDB highway loan accounts for a small proportion of highway construction investment, and that the trend of highway growth mileage is not similar to that of highway growth mileage. This shows that CDB's support to the highway industry is relatively small. Through grey relational analysis, we can see, The promotion effect of CDB railway loan to railway industry is less than that of CDB highway loan to highway industry. And after the "Belt and Road" strategy was put forward, In order to better promote the development of the railway and highway industry, the following suggestions are put forward for reference: 1. The CDB should actively cooperate with government agencies and formulate concrete plans. To improve the inefficient use of policy-oriented financial funds in the past, and to adjust the loan scale to meet the needs of railway and highway development, CDB should strengthen the supervision of funds in the process of lending support to the railway and highway industries. Put an end to the gaps in Supervision and improve the efficiency of the use of funds CDB should simplify procedures and provide green channels in the process of lending support to railway and highway projects. CDB should set up a financing platform and a credit platform for "Belt and Road" key industries. To encourage commercial financial institutions and private capital to participate in the strategy, CDB should strengthen its cooperation with railway and highway companies, promote the active participation of all parties and give full play to its own advantages.
【学位授予单位】：石河子大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832;F512.4

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