新疆农村汉族与少数民族居民收入差距及其原因分析

发布时间：2018-04-08 13:05

本文选题：收入差距　切入点：影响因素　出处：《首都经济贸易大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：新疆位于我国西北,毗邻八个国家,是我国“新丝绸之路“经济带的核心区域,也是我国对外开放的门户。同时,新疆少数民族众多,聚居有47个民族,新疆社会经济的和谐发展不仅关乎到我国”一带一路“战略的顺利实施,也关乎着我国祖国边界的稳定及各民族的团结稳定。因而正确认识到目前新疆不同民族间的收入差距并将其控制在合理的范围之内对于促进我国的团结稳定和繁荣富强具有十分重要的作用。汉族与各少数民族间的收入差距是新疆存在已久并且无法忽视的问题,同时也由此产生了一些社会摩擦。为了促进新疆各族人民的团结稳定,加快新疆全面建设小康社会的步伐,本文以新疆农村汉族与少数民族的居民收入为研究对象,试图通过对“中国西部地区农村经济社会发展综合调查”数据的分析,从而对新疆农村汉族与少数民族间居民收入差距的现状及其影响因素有一个较为全面的了解,并据此提出一个较为全面系统的缩小新疆农村汉族与少数民族间收入分配差距的对策体系。研究结果发现,新疆农村汉族与少数民族间存在着较大的收入差距,少数民族的人均年纯收入仅为汉族的53%。同时,新疆农村整体的收入不平等中有9.99%是来自于汉族与少数民族间的收入不平等。而少数民族的平均受教育水平低于汉族、拥有较高的失业比例和较少的社会资本则是造成目前新疆农村汉族与少数民族收入差距的主要原因。为了缩小新疆农村汉族与少数民族间的收入差距,政府需要进一步大力发展农村地区经济,提高少数民族教育,促进少数民族人口的就业,并完善政府转移支付体系。
[Abstract]:Xinjiang is located in the northwest of China, adjacent to eight countries. It is the core area of the "New Silk Road" economic belt and the gateway of our country's opening to the outside world.At the same time, there are many minority nationalities in Xinjiang, and there are 47 ethnic groups. The harmonious development of Xinjiang's social economy is not only related to the smooth implementation of "Belt and Road" strategy of our country, but also to the stability of the border of our motherland and the unity and stability of all nationalities.Therefore, correctly recognizing the income gap among different nationalities in Xinjiang and controlling it within a reasonable range play a very important role in promoting the unity, stability, prosperity and strength of our country.The income gap between the Han nationality and the ethnic minorities is a problem that has existed for a long time and can not be ignored in Xinjiang. At the same time, there are some social frictions.In order to promote the unity and stability of the people of all ethnic groups in Xinjiang and speed up the pace of building a well-off society in Xinjiang, this paper takes the income of the Han and ethnic minorities in the rural areas of Xinjiang as the research object.By analyzing the data of "Comprehensive Survey of Rural Economic and Social Development in Western China", this paper tries to have a comprehensive understanding of the current situation of income gap between the Han and ethnic minorities in rural areas of Xinjiang and its influencing factors.Based on this, a more comprehensive and systematic policy system for narrowing the income distribution gap between the Han and ethnic minorities in rural areas of Xinjiang is put forward.The results show that there is a large income gap between the rural Han and ethnic minorities in Xinjiang, and the per capita net income of the ethnic minorities is only 53% of that of the Han nationality.At the same time, 9.99% of the income inequality in rural areas in Xinjiang comes from the income inequality between Han and ethnic minorities.The average education level of ethnic minorities is lower than that of the Han nationality, and the higher unemployment ratio and less social capital are the main reasons for the income gap between the Han nationality and the ethnic minorities in rural areas of Xinjiang.In order to narrow the income gap between the Han and ethnic minorities in rural areas in Xinjiang, the government needs to further develop the economy in rural areas, improve the education of ethnic minorities, promote the employment of the minority population, and improve the government transfer payment system.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F124.7

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