“一带一路”国家劳动力市场研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 11:33

本文选题：一带一路战略 + 劳动力市场　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】："一带一路"战略是促进国际产业转移、推动跨区域合作的重要战略,对"一带一路"相关国家的发展具有深远而重大的意义。但是,目前国内对"一带一路"国家劳动力市场的研究尚未深入。为了初步了解"一带一路"国家劳动力市场的现状,本文选取国际劳工组织KILM(9~(th))数据库中的劳动力参与率、失业率、月平均工资、劳动生产率四个劳动力市场总量指标以及就业人口的产业结构、就业人口的教育结构两个劳动力市场结构指标,采用描述性统计方法及比较研究方法探究"一带一路"国家整体劳动力市场以及分区域劳动力市场的特征。在此基础上,采用定性比较方法和层次分析法评价各区域劳动力市场对我国企业降本增效的价值,并对各区域劳动力市场的形成机制进行分析。本文主要得到以下两个结论:第一,在采用定性比较方法评价"一带一路"各区域劳动力市场时,本文发现东亚地区、东南亚地区和南亚地区劳动力市场优劣势是完全一致的,发达国家和中东欧地区的劳动力市场优劣势是完全一致的,前者劳动力市场优势主要表现在其劳动力市场总量方面,后者劳动力市场优势则表现在劳动力市场结构方面。中亚地区在劳动力参与率、工资成本、劳动生产率以及就业人口的教育结构方面都具有比较优势。西亚北非地区在劳动力市场的五项指标上离散程度都较大,但将西亚北非地区分为GCC国家和非GCC国家,则会显著降低离散程度。GCC国家与非GCC国家的劳动力市场优劣势完全相反。第二,本文基于为我国企业降本增效的总目标,采用层次分析法得到"一带一路"各区域劳动力市场的综合优势得分,由高到低依次是:东亚地区、中亚地区、东南亚地区、中东欧地区、GCC国家、非GCC国家、南亚地区及发达国家。基于以上结论,本文根据各个区域劳动力市场的优劣势及形成机制对我国与"一带一路"各区域合作提出了相应的对策建议。
[Abstract]:"Belt and Road" strategy is an important strategy to promote international industrial transfer and promote cross-regional cooperation.However, at present, the domestic study on the national labor market of Belt and Road has not been deepened.In order to understand the current situation of Belt and Road's national labor market, this paper selects the labor force participation rate, unemployment rate and average monthly wage in the International Labour Organization (ILO) database.The four indicators of labor productivity and the industrial structure of the employed population, the educational structure of the employed population, the two indicators of the labor market structure,The descriptive statistical method and comparative research method are used to explore the characteristics of the overall labor market and the sub-regional labor market of Belt and Road.On this basis, the qualitative comparison method and the analytic hierarchy process are used to evaluate the value of the regional labor market to reduce the cost and increase the efficiency of the enterprises in China, and the formation mechanism of the regional labor market is analyzed.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: first, when using qualitative comparative method to evaluate the labor market of Belt and Road, this paper finds that the advantages and disadvantages of labor market in East Asia, Southeast Asia and South Asia are identical.The advantages and disadvantages of labor market in developed countries and in central and eastern Europe are identical. The former is mainly manifested in the total amount of labor market, while the latter is in the structure of labor market.Central Asia has comparative advantages in terms of labour force participation rate, wage cost, labor productivity and the educational structure of the employed population.In West Asia and North Africa, the five indicators of labor market are all more discrete, but dividing West Asia and North Africa into GCC countries and non- countries will significantly reduce the dispersion degree. The advantages and disadvantages of GCC countries and non- countries will be completely opposite.Secondly, based on the overall goal of reducing cost and increasing efficiency for Chinese enterprises, the paper obtains the comprehensive advantage score of "Belt and Road" regional labor market by AHP. The order from high to low is: East Asia, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, etc.Central and Eastern Europe countries, non-GCC countries, South Asia and developed countries.Based on the above conclusions, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions on the cooperation between China and "Belt and Road" according to the advantages and disadvantages of each regional labor market and its forming mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F249.1

【参考文献】