鲍桑葵国家理论研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 19:21

本文选题：国家理论　切入点：自由主义　出处：《辽宁大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：19世纪,以英国为代表的西方资本主义国家进入了经济“大萧条”阶段。过去被各国所信奉的自由放任的市场经济政策逐渐失去了影响力。社会现实的转变呼唤着一种新的普适理论,尤其是国家理论的出现。鲍桑葵的国家理论正是在这一时期提出来的。鲍桑葵(Bernard Bosanquet,1848-1923)是英国新黑格尔主义的代表人物之一。主要著作有《国家的哲学理论》(1899)和《美学史》(1892)等。鲍桑葵在政治上反对自由派思想家的国家理论。他认为国家本身是公共意志的体现,它的最终目的如同它的成员的最终目的一样,是排除实现普遍幸福的障碍,以求得最美好的生活。国家之采取强制措施正是出于这种目的,因此公民对国家应当服从。国家的地位居于社会之上,而作为国家的行动则是社会成员公共意志的体现。鲍桑葵继承了古希腊城邦思想和德国黑格尔的国家学说,提出了自己的一套国家理论。他力图用黑格尔的国家哲学来补充发展英国古典自由主义,使后者能够适应时代的变化。鲍桑葵的国家理论坚持社会有机体论,反对英国传统的机械主义国家观,在对国家和个人关系上做出了有益的探索。但是鲍桑葵的国家理论也有其内在缺陷,与他同时代的以及后世的学者认为他的国家理论与英国自由主义的联姻是不成功的,并且有导致国家极权主义之嫌。鲍桑葵的国家理论满足了19世纪的社会需要,在国家对社会进行干预这个问题上进行了深入探索,在今天看来仍然具有十分重要的理论意义和现实意义。
[Abstract]:19th century, The western capitalist countries, represented by Britain, entered the stage of "Great Depression". The laissez-faire market economy policy adopted by all countries in the past gradually lost their influence. The change of social reality called for a new universal theory. Especially the emergence of national theory. Bosanquet's theory of state was put forward in this period. Bosanquet Bernard Bosanquett (1888-1923) is one of the representative figures of the New Hegel Doctrine in England. His main works include the philosophical Theory of the State (1899) and the History of Aesthetics (1892). Bosanquet's political opposition to the national theory of liberal thinkers. Home itself is the embodiment of public will, Its ultimate aim, like that of its members, is to remove obstacles to universal happiness in order to achieve the best possible life. It is for that purpose that the State adopts coercive measures, Therefore, citizens should obey the state. The status of the state is above the society, and the action of the state is the embodiment of the public will of the members of the society. Bosanquet inherited the ancient Greek city-state thought and German Hegel's theory of state and put forward his own theory of state. He tried to supplement and develop the classical liberalism of England with Hegel's philosophy of state. To enable the latter to adapt to the changes of the times. Bosanquet's theory of state adheres to the theory of social organism and opposes the traditional British mechanistic view of the state. But Bosanquet's theory of state also has its inherent defects, and contemporary and future scholars believe that his theory of state and the marriage of British liberalism were unsuccessful. And there is a suspicion of leading to state totalitarianism. Bosanquet's theory of state meets the needs of the society in 19th century and has been deeply explored on the issue of state intervention in society. It is still of great theoretical and practical significance today.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D03;D095.61

【相似文献】