多元文化主义与意大利裔美国人族群认同的复归

发布时间：2018-04-30 16:52

本文选题：意大利裔美国人 + 多元文化主义　；参考：《世界民族》2016年03期

【摘要】：在美国历史上,意大利移民族群的同化与认同历程可谓一波三折。早期由于移民数量有限与移入国的接纳,意大利人相对顺利地融入美国主流社会之中;到19世纪末20世纪初,遭受美国社会拒斥导致同化受阻;一战时的战时特需促使意大利移民在融入的道路上迈出了一大步。随后意大利移民作为族裔群体在美国逐渐淡出人们的视野;二战中意大利移民积极参战,实现与美国主流社会的合流,导致其作为族裔群体逐渐被人遗忘,自身也失去了族群身份诉求意识。20世纪五、六十年代,美国民权运动兴起,多元文化主义随之而来,美国历史上诸多本已同化的移民族群的自我认同意识再次觉醒,其中意大利族群认同的复归尤为典型。这种族群意识的复兴,不但是多元文化主义的产物,也在事实上推动了美国社会的多元化进程。与此同时,美国社会再启对"同质性"的反思,并探寻美国重新整合的凝聚力。
[Abstract]:In American history, the process of assimilation and identification of Italian immigrants can be described as a series of twists and turns. In the early years, due to the limited number of immigrants and the acceptance of the countries of immigration, the Italians were relatively smoothly integrated into the mainstream society of the United States, and at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the rejection of the American society led to the obstruction of assimilation. The wartime needs of World War I prompted Italian immigrants to take a big step on the road to integration. Then, as an ethnic group, the Italian immigrants gradually faded out of sight in the United States. During World War II, the Italian immigrants took an active part in the war and realized their integration with the mainstream American society, resulting in their being gradually forgotten as an ethnic group. In the 1950s and 1960s, with the rise of the American civil rights movement, multiculturalism followed, and the consciousness of self-identity of many assimilated immigrant groups in American history was awakened again. Among them, the return of Italian ethnic identity is particularly typical. This revival of ethnic consciousness is not only the product of multiculturalism, but also promotes the pluralistic process of American society. At the same time, American society reconsiders homogeneity and explores the cohesion of American reintegration.
【作者单位】：东北师范大学历史文化学院美国研究所;
【分类号】：C95

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