米塞斯对社会主义理论的贡献与局限

发布时间：2018-06-30 22:04

本文选题：米塞斯 + 经济核算　；参考：《当代世界与社会主义》2015年05期

【摘要】：米塞斯的中央计划经济非可行性理论认为,复杂的经济活动需要核算价值才能使交换行为得以实现,资本主义就是用资本核算支配生产的经济制度,而社会主义无法形成经济计算,也不可能有合理的生产,计划经济存在种种弊端。从纯理论的角度看,米塞斯指出非市场经济的计算问题是有一定意义的,经济核算的重要性在社会主义建设中得到证实。尽管经济核算和市场效率问题被社会主义国家重新审视,并不等于米塞斯的观点完全正确。他的中央计划经济非可行性理论主要缺陷有三:一是针对苏联计划经济模式,看不到或者歪曲其他社会主义国家的实践,有理论与实践脱钩之嫌;二是他用价格机制批驳马克思的价值理论,对劳动价值论是一种歪曲;三是他不承认也不能解决市场的"无政府状态",而唯市场论并不科学。米塞斯对计划经济和社会主义的整体观点是错误的,但正是他的有力挑战迫使社会主义者认识到,恰当的核算体系对于引导社会主义经济的资源配置具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:The infeasibility theory of central planned economy of Mises holds that complicated economic activities require accounting of value in order to realize exchange behavior, and capitalism is the economic system in which capital accounting dominates production. And socialism cannot form economic calculation, also cannot have reasonable production, planned economy has each kind of malpractice. From the point of view of pure theory, Mises points out that the calculation problem of non-market economy is of certain significance, and the importance of economic accounting has been proved in the construction of socialism. Although economic accounting and market efficiency have been revisited by socialist countries, this does not mean that Mises is entirely right. There are three main defects in his theory of non-feasibility of central planned economy: first, aiming at the mode of planned economy of Soviet Union, he can't see or distort the practice of other socialist countries, and it seems that the theory and practice are decoupled; Second, he criticizes Marx's theory of value with price mechanism, which is a kind of distortion to the theory of labor value; third, he does not admit and cannot solve the "anarchy" of the market, but the theory of market only is not scientific. Mises' view of planned economy and socialism as a whole is wrong, but it is his powerful challenge that forces socialists to realize that a proper accounting system is of great significance in guiding the allocation of resources in socialist economy.
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所;
【基金】：中国社会科学院马克思主义理论学科建设与理论研究资助项目“诘难与辩驳——西方经济学家与马克思的思想交锋”(项目编号:2013MGC 009)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D091.6

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