公权力配置资源与预防腐败研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 08:12

本文选题：公权力配置资源 + 贪欲　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：腐败存在于人类社会已不下数十个世纪。自从产生剩余财产和私有制,自从产生阶级和国家,自从出现资源的过剩与稀缺,自从公权力参与资源配置,腐败就跟着产生了。反腐败目前已成为世界各国和全世界人民群众都致力推动的一项重要工作。世界各国反腐败的做法主要包括：1、设立专门的反腐败监督监察机构；2、廉政立法和反腐败立法；3、财务审计监督制度；4、“透明”制度和“阳光”法案；5、对“金钱政治”的限制措施；6、严格对官员的选任和管理；7、充分发挥新闻监督的作用；8、开展声势浩大的反腐败运动；9、开展国际间反腐败协作,等等。民间反腐败机构中影响力较大、组织较严密、工作常态化的当属“透明国际”(Transparency International)。“透明国际”以CPI(清廉指数)和BPI(行贿指数)构成的腐败指数来评估衡量世界各国和地区的腐败状况,它的研究结果经常被其他权威国际机构反复引用。然而,尽管反腐败是人类社会自古以来的共同选择,对反腐败的理论研究却始终鲜有人专注,更无意寻求普遍适用的理论,因此,很少形成系统的或有代表性的反腐败理论。可以说,至今为止关于反腐败的研究,主要依附于各种政治学、经济学和社会学等理论的研究之上,还没有形成独立的反腐败理论体系。国内外现有反腐败理论主要有三种：1、高薪养廉。是主张对国家公职人员实行高薪制来保证其廉洁奉公行为的理论。2、清廉为政。又称“廉价政府”,是一种主张以低薪制度和良好的道德准则,规范公职人员的行为,倡导清明廉政之风的理论。3、权力制约。权力制约是一种主张用权力制约来保证国家公职人员廉洁奉公、防止腐败行为的理论。上述三种理论实际上是世界上三种主要的反腐败模式,分别适应于不同社会制度和国情。这三种理论离建立普遍适应的反腐败理论还有相当大的差距。而随着经济全球化和反腐败国际化趋势日益形成,建立普遍适应的反腐败基础理论显得十分迫切。本文以马克思主义基本原理为指导,从对“合理配置资源”的讨论入手,将腐败界定为通过在公权力配置资源中滥用职权,获取不正当利益、损害社会正当利益的现象,并分析了在公权力配置资源中谋取不正当利益、损害社会正当利益而产生腐败的土壤,即人的贪欲是产生腐败的主观因素,利益博弈和社会缺陷是产生腐败的客观因素。在此基础上,本文提出了“预防腐败原理”,即预防腐败就是通过抑制贪欲、平衡利益、制衡公权、健全法治,使在公权力配置资源中实现正当利益最大化和不正当利益最小化。围绕这一原理,本文详细讨论了公权力配置资源、贪欲、利益博弈、社会缺陷等预防腐败的基础问题,特别是深入探讨了资源增值的本质,揭示了公权力本身是一种“增值要素资源”,从而为建立反腐败学进一步提供了基础理论支撑。同时,详细讨论了从源头上预防腐败的四个要点,即抑制贪欲、平衡利益、制衡公权、健全法治,为预防腐败提供了有效的路径。最后,本文运用预防腐败理论系统地阐述了我国实施的预防腐败战略,并就一些具体问题提出了自己的见解。
[Abstract]:Corruption exists in the human society for no more than ten centuries. Since the generation of surplus property and private ownership, since the emergence of class and state, since the emergence of the surplus and scarcity of resources, corruption has come into being since the participation of public power in the allocation of resources.
Anti corruption has now become an important work for all the world and the people of the world. The anti corruption practices of the world include: 1, set up special anti-corruption supervision and supervision institutions; 2, the legislation of honest and clean government and anti-corruption legislation; 3, financial audit supervision system; 4, "transparent" system and "sunshine" act; 5, Measures to restrict "money politics"; 6, select and manage the officials strictly; 7, give full play to the role of the news supervision; 8, carry out a great anti corruption movement; 9, carry out international anti-corruption cooperation, and so on. The civil anti corruption organizations are more influential, more rigorous, and the work normalization is the "transparent international" (Tran Sparency International). "Transparency International" evaluates corruption in countries and regions of the world by the corruption index made up of CPI (clean index) and BPI (bribe index), and its research results are often cited repeatedly by other authoritative international agencies.
However, although anti corruption is the common choice of human society since ancient times, the theoretical research on anti-corruption has always been rarely focused, and it has no intention to seek universal applicable theory. Therefore, there is little systematic or representative anti-corruption theory. On the basis of theoretical studies of economics and sociology, no independent anti-corruption theoretical system has yet been formed.
There are three main theories of anti-corruption at home and abroad: 1, high salary and good health. It is a theoretical.2 that advocates high pay system for public officials to ensure their integrity and integrity. It is an honest and honest government. It is also called "cheap government". It is a kind of behavior that advocates low pay system and good moral standards, rules the behavior of public officials, and advocates clean and clean government. Theory.3, power restriction. Power restriction is a theory that advocates the use of power to guarantee the integrity of public officials and prevent corruption. The above three theories are in fact three main anti corruption modes in the world and are respectively adapted to different social systems and national conditions. These three theories are isolated from the universally adapted anti-corruption theory. There is still a considerable gap. With the globalization of economy and the trend of anti-corruption internationalization, it is very urgent to establish a universally adapted basic theory of anti-corruption.
Guided by the basic principle of Marx's doctrine, this paper, starting with the discussion of "rational allocation of resources", defines corruption as a phenomenon of obtaining unfair interests and damaging the legitimate interests of society through the abuse of power in the allocation of resources in public power, and analyses the illegal interests in the allocation of public power and the damage to the legitimate interests of the society. The corrupt soil, that is, human greed is the subjective factor of corruption, interest game and social defect are the objective factors of corruption. On the basis of this, this paper puts forward the principle of "preventing corruption", that is to prevent corruption by restraining greed, balancing interests, balancing public power, perfecting the rule of law, so that the allocation of resources in public power is true. According to this principle, this paper discusses in detail the basic problems of the prevention of corruption, such as the allocation of resources, greed, interest game and social defects, especially the essence of resource appreciation, and reveals that public power itself is a "value-added element resource", and thus is to establish the opposite. The study of corruption further provides basic theoretical support. At the same time, it discusses four key points to prevent corruption from the source, namely, to suppress greediness, balance interests, balance public rights, improve the rule of law, and provide an effective way to prevent corruption. Finally, this paper systematically expounds the prevention of corruption strategy implemented in China by means of the theory of corruption prevention, and Some specific questions put forward their own views.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D035;D630.9

【参考文献】