权力共享与撒哈拉以南非洲国家的民主巩固：贝宁与多哥的比较研究
发布时间：2018-08-12 08:02
【摘要】：自20世纪80年代末90年代初以来,“第三波”民主化浪潮开始波及撒哈拉以南地区,经过二十多年的发展,少数国家已经取得了民主的巩固,而大部分国家依旧是威权政体。一般说来,民主巩固的影响因素包括先天性的非制度类因素和后天技艺性的制度类因素两大类,一个国家民主巩固与否往往是这两类条件的相互协调作用的结果。撒哈拉以南非洲国家在民主巩固的先天性条件方面的普遍营养不良,致使制度设计对于撒哈拉以南非洲国家的民主巩固来说显得尤为重要。 本文选取在非制度类因素极其相似而在制度类因素又存在很大差异的两个撒哈拉以南国家——贝宁和多哥——为案例,进行比较分析。以此来剖析制度差异与民主巩固不同后果之间的相互关系。研究发现,权力共享的制度设计促使贝宁走向民主的巩固,而多哥权力集中的制度设计使得其在民主巩固的道路上举步维艰。
[Abstract]:Since the late 1980s and early 1990s, the third wave of democratization began to spread to sub-Saharan region. After more than 20 years of development, a few countries have achieved the consolidation of democracy, while most countries are still authoritarian. Generally speaking, the influencing factors of democratic consolidation include congenital non-institutional factors and acquired technical institutional factors. The consolidation of democracy in a country is often the result of the mutual coordination of these two conditions. The prevalence of malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa in terms of congenital conditions for democratic consolidation makes institutional design particularly important for the consolidation of democracy in sub-Saharan Africa. In this paper, two sub-Saharan countries, Benin and Togo, which are very similar in non-institutional factors and very different in institutional factors, are selected for comparative analysis. This is to analyze the relationship between institutional differences and the different consequences of democracy consolidation. It is found that the institutional design of power sharing leads Benin to the consolidation of democracy, while the system design of Togo's centralization of power makes it difficult to consolidate democracy.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D082
本文编号：2178441
[Abstract]:Since the late 1980s and early 1990s, the third wave of democratization began to spread to sub-Saharan region. After more than 20 years of development, a few countries have achieved the consolidation of democracy, while most countries are still authoritarian. Generally speaking, the influencing factors of democratic consolidation include congenital non-institutional factors and acquired technical institutional factors. The consolidation of democracy in a country is often the result of the mutual coordination of these two conditions. The prevalence of malnutrition in sub-Saharan Africa in terms of congenital conditions for democratic consolidation makes institutional design particularly important for the consolidation of democracy in sub-Saharan Africa. In this paper, two sub-Saharan countries, Benin and Togo, which are very similar in non-institutional factors and very different in institutional factors, are selected for comparative analysis. This is to analyze the relationship between institutional differences and the different consequences of democracy consolidation. It is found that the institutional design of power sharing leads Benin to the consolidation of democracy, while the system design of Togo's centralization of power makes it difficult to consolidate democracy.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D082
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