卢梭的平等理论研究
发布时间：2018-12-06 07:41
【摘要】：卢梭是18世纪伟大的哲学家和思想家,他从小受父亲爱读书的习性影响,自幼饱读古今中外历史。在这样的家庭环境影响下,他成为当时著名的启蒙运动的思想引导者,且成为人类不平等起源的首要探索者,他的平等思想不仅对当时的法国大革命有重要意义,而且对我们今天社会发展有很大的启示。卢梭一直秉承在自然状态下的人们本就是平等的,随着社会发展,不平等伴随私有制的产生才出现并且加剧的。为了避免私有制加剧而导致的社会不稳定,卢梭提出社会契约论就是为了让人人在社会状态中保持权利的平等,让人们订立契约制度,人人都自愿将一切权利都转让给集体,形成全体人民公共意志,再用法律来维持这个权利,保障与构建社会平等。社会契约从另一个角度看就是公意的表达,它的基础是人民主权也就是主权在民。人民主权不允许被代表和转让、也决不允许被任何人侵犯。当下中国还处于社会主义初级阶段,不平等问题不可避免地存在于社会经济政治文化生活的方方面面,最大限度地实现平等也正是当下中国发展的方向,如何促进平等、推进社会和谐发展?我们必须坚持马克思主义理论指导,同时从这位思想家的理论中或许也能得到若干启示,如:防止财富占有的两极分化、加大反腐力度对权力进行约束、推动平等价值观的教育、完善社会保障体系等不平等问题的解决都有助于我国走向共同富裕。
[Abstract]:Rousseau was a great philosopher and thinker in the 18 th century. He was influenced by his father's habit of reading. Under the influence of this family environment, he became the ideological guide of the famous enlightenment movement at that time, and became the primary explorer of the origin of human inequality. His thought of equality was not only of great significance to the French Revolution at that time. And to our social development today has the very big enlightenment. Rousseau has always held that people in the natural state are equal, with the development of society, inequality accompanied by the emergence of private ownership only appeared and intensified. In order to avoid the social instability caused by the increase of private ownership, Rousseau put forward the theory of social contract so that everyone can maintain equality of rights in the social state, let people make a contract system, and everyone voluntarily transfers all rights to the collective. Form the public will of the whole people, then use the law to maintain this right, guarantee and construct social equality. From another perspective, social contract is the expression of public will, which is based on the sovereignty of the people. The sovereignty of the people shall not be represented or transferred, nor shall it be infringed upon by anyone. At present, China is still in the primary stage of socialism, and inequality inevitably exists in all aspects of social, economic, political and cultural life. To maximize equality is also the direction of China's current development. How to promote equality? To promote the harmonious development of society? We must adhere to the guidance of Marxist theory, and at the same time we may be able to draw some inspiration from the thinker's theory, such as preventing polarization of wealth possession, strengthening anti-corruption efforts to restrain power, Promoting the education of equal values and perfecting the social security system are all helpful to the common prosperity of our country.
【学位授予单位】：安庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D091
本文编号：2365682
[Abstract]:Rousseau was a great philosopher and thinker in the 18 th century. He was influenced by his father's habit of reading. Under the influence of this family environment, he became the ideological guide of the famous enlightenment movement at that time, and became the primary explorer of the origin of human inequality. His thought of equality was not only of great significance to the French Revolution at that time. And to our social development today has the very big enlightenment. Rousseau has always held that people in the natural state are equal, with the development of society, inequality accompanied by the emergence of private ownership only appeared and intensified. In order to avoid the social instability caused by the increase of private ownership, Rousseau put forward the theory of social contract so that everyone can maintain equality of rights in the social state, let people make a contract system, and everyone voluntarily transfers all rights to the collective. Form the public will of the whole people, then use the law to maintain this right, guarantee and construct social equality. From another perspective, social contract is the expression of public will, which is based on the sovereignty of the people. The sovereignty of the people shall not be represented or transferred, nor shall it be infringed upon by anyone. At present, China is still in the primary stage of socialism, and inequality inevitably exists in all aspects of social, economic, political and cultural life. To maximize equality is also the direction of China's current development. How to promote equality? To promote the harmonious development of society? We must adhere to the guidance of Marxist theory, and at the same time we may be able to draw some inspiration from the thinker's theory, such as preventing polarization of wealth possession, strengthening anti-corruption efforts to restrain power, Promoting the education of equal values and perfecting the social security system are all helpful to the common prosperity of our country.
【学位授予单位】：安庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D091
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