基于公共产品供给理论对高寒山区地震应急过程中的问题研究

发布时间：2018-12-26 14:30

【摘要】：近些年我国地震灾害频发,尤其是在2008年汶川特大地震后,国家高度关注地震应急机制的建立,形成了一套相对完善的地震应急体系。2010年4月14日,青海玉树发生了里氏7.1级地震,各级政府在组织汶川地震救援时积累了丰富的经验,但是在青海玉树地震应急救援过程中还是出现了很多新困难和新问题,这表明高寒山区地震应急面临巨大的挑战。目前学术界缺少针对高寒山区地震应急过程的研究。本文从公共产品供给的角度对高寒山区地震应急过程进行分析,探寻适应高寒山区地震应急过程中公共产品有效供给的途径。本文立足于高寒山区特殊的自然环境、社会人文和经济发展等因素,研究高寒山区地震应急的特殊性,并在此基础上分析高寒山区地震应急过程中公共产品供给存在的问题,详细阐释了问题形成的原因。在地震应急过程期间,政府对公共产品的供给直接影响着救援工作能否顺利开展,而政府对高寒山区特殊性认识不足、公共产品资金投入少、供给机制缺失、供给主体不明等因素,导致了公共产品供给总量小、供给效率低、供给结构失衡等问题,影响了高寒山区地震应急过程中公共产品的供给质量和效率,制约了高寒山区地震应急救援过程。文章最后,结合所学的公共经济学理论,在高寒山区地震应急过程中公共产品的供给存在的问题和原因的研究基础上,总结提出了高寒山区地震应急管理过程中公共产品的有效供给途径,这些途径包括设计针对性的供给方案、健全供给主体、完善供给范围和财政资金转移支付制度,此外,政府部门可以通过完善公共产品的供给来吸引居住分散的居民移居,从而提高公共产品的配置效率,并对其效用进行了模型论证。从一定程度弥补了现有研究的空白,对高寒山区地震应急具有一定的指导意义。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the frequent occurrence of earthquake disasters in China, especially after the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, the state paid great attention to the establishment of earthquake emergency response mechanism, and formed a relatively perfect earthquake emergency response system. April 14, 2010, The earthquake of magnitude 7.1 on the Richter scale occurred in Yushu, Qinghai. Governments at all levels have accumulated rich experience in organizing the Wenchuan earthquake rescue, but in the emergency rescue process of the earthquake in Yushu, Qinghai, many new difficulties and problems have emerged. This indicates that the earthquake emergency in the alpine mountain areas faces great challenges. At present, there is a lack of research on earthquake emergency process in alpine mountain area. This paper analyzes the process of earthquake emergency in alpine mountainous area from the point of view of public product supply, and explores the ways to adapt to the effective supply of public goods in the course of earthquake emergency in alpine mountain area. Based on the special natural environment, social humanities and economic development in alpine mountain areas, this paper studies the particularity of earthquake emergency response in alpine mountainous areas, and analyzes the problems existing in the supply of public goods in the earthquake emergency response process in alpine mountainous areas. The causes of the problem are explained in detail. During the period of earthquake emergency, the government's supply of public goods directly affects whether the rescue work can be carried out smoothly. However, the government has insufficient understanding of the particularity of alpine mountain areas, less investment of public goods funds, and lack of supply mechanism. Such factors as unclear main body of supply lead to the problems of small total supply of public goods, low efficiency of supply, imbalance of supply structure and so on, which affect the quality and efficiency of supply of public goods during earthquake emergency in high and cold mountainous areas. It restricts the process of earthquake emergency rescue in high and cold mountain area. Finally, combined with the theory of public economics, on the basis of the research on the problems and causes of the supply of public goods in the earthquake emergency in the high and cold mountain areas, The effective supply ways of public goods in the process of earthquake emergency management in alpine mountainous areas are summarized and put forward. These ways include designing targeted supply schemes, perfecting the supply main body, perfecting the supply range and the financial fund transfer payment system, in addition, The government can improve the supply of public goods to attract the residents living scattered emigration, so as to improve the efficiency of the allocation of public goods, and the effectiveness of the model is demonstrated. To some extent, it makes up for the blank of the existing research, and has certain guiding significance for earthquake emergency response in alpine mountain areas.
【学位授予单位】：云南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D035;X43

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