理性与价值——试论殷海光精神世界中的矛盾、冲突与融合

发布时间：2019-04-13 15:43

【摘要】：自视为"五四后期人物"的思想家殷海光是20世纪后期中国自由主义思想的重要代表人物,也是20世纪五六十年代台湾青年学子的精神导师。他的精神世界中存在着强烈的矛盾和冲突,最后又从冲突走向融合。此一过程尤其反映在理性与价值这两个维度上。首先,殷海光的主要研究旨趣不在自己的专业逻辑与分析哲学上,他的思考重心是人类文化普遍性在中国文化中如何实现,但其全部运思进路却又是从逻辑与分析哲学出发的。其次,殷海光的自由主义带有浓厚的道德意识,他认为自由民主观念有特定的道德内涵,包含有普遍性的道德价值,如个人尊严、个人人格的完美发展、社会的公平与正义等。在这方面与英美传统的立场不同,保持了五四传统的特色。第三,殷海光生命前期的治学方法严守着逻辑实证论,在晚年时走出了逻辑经验论的限制,开始讨论属于心灵层面的价值、信仰、道德理想等问题。第四,殷海光早年坚持自五四以来中国现代自由主义西化派激烈反传统的立场,到了晚年对于中国传统文化的态度有了重大改变,这与他的视野主要转向了人的心灵问题及价值问题有关。殷海光内心蕴藏着强烈的价值意识,却以理性的追求为企向,在他的晚年这两个维度走向了融合。
[Abstract]:Yin Haiguang, a thinker who regarded himself as a figure in the late May 4th period, was an important representative of China's liberalism thought in the late 20th century, and also a spiritual mentor to the young students in Taiwan in the 1950s and 1960s. There are strong contradictions and conflicts in his spiritual world, and finally he moves from conflict to fusion. This process is especially reflected in the two dimensions of rationality and value. First of all, Yin Haiguang's main purpose of research is not on his own professional logic and analytical philosophy, his focus of thinking is how to realize the universality of human culture in Chinese culture, but all his thinking approaches are based on logic and analytical philosophy. Secondly, Yin Haiguang's liberalism has a strong moral consciousness, he believes that the concept of freedom and democracy has a specific moral connotation, including universal moral values, such as personal dignity, the perfect development of individual personality, social equity and justice, and so on. In this respect, different from the traditional position of the United Kingdom and the United States, it maintains the characteristics of the May 4th tradition. Thirdly, Yin Haiguang's study method in the early stage of his life strictly adhered to logical positivism, went out of the limit of logical experience theory in his later years, and began to discuss the value, belief, moral ideal, etc., which belong to the spiritual level. Fourth, in his early years, Yin Haiguang insisted on the drastic anti-traditional stance of the westernized modern Chinese liberalism since the May 4th Movement, and in his later years, there was a significant change in his attitude towards Chinese traditional culture. This is related to the fact that his vision has shifted mainly to the problems of the mind and the value of the human being. Yin Haiguang's heart contains a strong sense of value, but with the pursuit of reason as the direction, in his later years, the two dimensions towards integration.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学历史学系;
【分类号】：D092

【共引文献】