政府信息公开的动力机制研究
发布时间：2019-06-20 18:11
【摘要】：在经济全球化和信息化的时代,信息资源越来越成为社会经济发展的重要决定因素。政府作为现代社会信息资源的最重要主体,控制着涵盖全社会80%以上的信息。政府信息既是公众了解政府行为的直接途径,也是公众监督政府行为的重要依据。依法向公众或申请主体公开特定的政府信息是实现民主行政、依法行政和服务行政的必要途径,也是维护公众参与权、知情权和监督权的必然要求,甚至是关系政局稳定和社会和谐的重大问题。 在我国,从计划经济时代的信息保密工作,到改革开放以来的信息公开运动,再到“非典”以后政府信息公开受到高度关注,可以说,中国政府信息公开建设走过了从无到有的发展历程。2007年《中华人民共和国政府信息公开条例》的颁布,更标志着中国政府信息公开建设进入法制化阶段。然而,从整体来看,我国政府信息公开实践起步较晚,经验还十分欠缺。在《条例》实施过程中,仍然存在这样那样的问题。一些地方政府和部门信息不公开、选择性公开、虚假公开等现象依然存在;地方政府信息公开的主动性和实效性仍有待提高;非政府组织在政府信息公开建设中的作用尚不明显;信息公开相关的法律规范和配套制度尚待完善等等。 国内理论界对政府信息公开的关注由来已久,主要涉及法学、政治学、管理学、传播学等相关学科领域。其中,从政治学和公共管理视角看待政府信息公开的研究虽也较为丰富,但较为普遍研究缺陷在于:沿袭“问题——原因——对策”模式的研究较多,从组织行为和动力学视角深入分析政府信息公开行为一般规律的研究较少,这在一定程度上影响了理论研究对政府信息公开实践的指导意义。应当说,政府信息公开不仅是法律层面的问题,也是政治和公共管理领域的重大问题,更是涉及到政府行为动机、策略和方法等复杂概念的组织行为问题。就目前政府信息公开工作的推进过程来看,现存问题中大部分都与政府信息公开动力不足有关,如信息不公开、选择性公开、虚假公开、被动公开等,从根本上说都源于某些地方政府和部门不愿主动、公开、公正发布信息的潜在行为动机。基于此,本文致力于探索政府信息公开动力系统运行机制的一般规律。从应然层面上分析政府信息公开动力系统的构成要素,构建各构成要素功能定位与相互作用的动力系统运行机制。对照应然层面的运行机制模型,反观现实,从实然层面上分析我国政府信息公开动力系统中的现存问题,找出我国政府信息公开动力不足的根本原因,在此基础上为推进我国政府信息公开制度化、系统化和规范化提供理论借鉴。 总体而言,本文关注的核心问题主要有三点:一是应然层面上,政府信息公开的动力系统由哪些要素构成每一种要素是如何发挥作用各要素之间又如何相互作用二是反观现实,我国政府信息公开动力系统中存在哪些问题三是从组织行为、动力学和系统论的观点出发,从政府信息公开动力系统应然的运行机制与实然的运行状况出发,如何完善政府信息公开动力系统的运行机制,推进政府信息公开的制度化、系统化和规范化。 基于此,本文主要包含以下几项核心内容:一是在综述政府信息公开基本问题的基础上,提出政府信息公开动力机制研究,并论述其重要意义;交代本文的研究内容和主要观点;系统梳理政府信息公开的相关理论成果,并逐一阐述政府信息公开动力机制研究可能涉及的理论基础;交代本文的研究方法和可能的创新之处。二是应然层面上,分析政府信息公开动力系统的基本构成,并分析每一种构成要素发挥作用的机理。总的来说政府信息公开动力系统的构成要素包括:制度因素、权力因素、组织因素、市场因素和舆论因素。三是应然层面上,分别从内生和外生,不同行为主体,软动力和硬动力,牵引、推动、约束和场力四个维度论述动力系统的运行机制。从动力来源来看,政府信息公开是内生动力与外在压力共同作用的结果。内生动力充足,可以促进外生动力作用的发挥;外在压力充足,可以作用于内生动力,有助于其动能发挥。从动力主体来看,政府信息公开是政府、公民、非政府组织、媒体、国际舆论等多重力量相互博弈,寻求平衡的结果,其中政府、媒体和公民是信息公开动力系统的核心行为主体。从动力性质来看,政府信息公开是软动力与硬动力共同作用的结果。软动力形成较慢,发挥作用持续时间较长,能从根本上解决政府信息中的现存问题;硬动力形成较快,发挥作用的短期效果较为明显,但持续时间较短,无法从根本上解决问题。从动力方向来看,政府信息公开受到牵引力、推动力、约束力和场力的共同作用。四是对照应然层面的作用机理。反观现实,分析我国政府信息公开动力系统运行中的现存问题:一是政府信息公开基本动力的致动力不足,传导和受动力缺失;二是政府信息公开的外在压力不足,内生动力缺失;三是政府信息公开的硬动力不足,软动力缺失;四是政府信息公开动力主体间平等博弈的格局尚未形成;五是政府信息公开的牵引力缺失、推动力和约束力不足、场力尚未形成。五是系统梳理美国、英国、加拿大等国政府信息公开实践探索,总结发达国家政府信息公开经验,并指出发达国家政府信息公开的实践对完善我国政府信息公开动力机制的启示。六是在前文研究基础上,提出我国政府信息公开动力机制的建设与完善的对策建议。包括:完善内生动力与外在压力的相互作用机制;形成政府信息公开建设的多元主体共同参与格局;完善硬动力与软动力的相互作用机制;完善牵引力、推动力、约束力与场力的相互作用机制。
[Abstract]:In the era of economic globalization and information, information resources become more and more important determinants of social and economic development. The government, as the most important subject of modern social information resources, controls over 80% of the information covering the whole society. Government information is not only a direct way for the public to know the behavior of the government, but also an important basis for the public to supervise the behavior of the government. To open specific government information to the public or to the subject in accordance with the law is the necessary way to realize the administration of democratic administration, administration by law and service, as well as the inevitable demand of the right to participate in the public, the right to know and the right of supervision, and even the important issue of the stability of the relationship and the social harmony. In our country, from the information security of the planned economy era, to the information public movement since the reform and opening-up, the public information of the government is highly concerned after the "SARS", and can In 2007, the information disclosure regulations of the Government of the People's Republic of China have been promulgated, and the information disclosure of the Chinese government is more marked by the legalization of the information disclosure construction of the Chinese government. However, from the whole point of view, the public practice of government information in our country is very late, and the experience is very important deficient. In the course of the implementation of the Regulations, there is still such a problem Issues. Some local government and sectoral information is not public, selective, false and so on, and the initiative and effectiveness of local government information disclosure remain to be improved; the role of non-governmental organizations in public information public construction is not yet It is clear that the legal norms and the supporting systems related to the disclosure of information are still to be improved At the same time, the domestic theoretical circle has a long history on the public information of the government, and it is mainly concerned with the phase of law, politics, management, communication and so on. From the perspective of political science and public management, the study of government information disclosure is rich, but the more common research is that the study of "the cause of the problem" and the "countermeasure" model is more, and the general law of the public behavior of government information is analyzed from the perspective of organizational behavior and dynamics. The research is less, which has some effect on the public practice of government information in theory research. It should be said that the public information disclosure is not only a legal issue, but also a major problem in the field of political and public administration, but also a group of complex concepts, such as government behavior motivation, strategy and method. In the process of the current government information disclosure, most of the existing problems are related to the lack of public power of the government information, such as information disclosure, selective disclosure, false disclosure, passive disclosure, etc., and fundamentally stems from some local governments and departments A man/ woman, who is not willing to offer information in an active, public, and impartial manner. Based on this, this paper is devoted to the exploration of the operational mechanism of the public power system of government information The general law of the public power system of the government information is analyzed from the level of the response, and the power system of the function positioning and interaction of the constituent elements is constructed. This paper analyzes the existing problems in the public power system of the government information from the actual level, and finds out the root cause of the shortage of the public information of our government. On the basis of this, we will advance the government information of our country. Open institutionalization, systematization and standardization In general, the core problems of this paper are three points: one is to be on the ground level, what elements of the power system of government information disclosure form each element how to function and how to function each other The second is the anti-view reality. What are the problems in the public power system of the government information of our country, from the point of view of organizational behavior, dynamics and system theory, how to perfect the public information of government from the operation mechanism and the running condition of the government information disclosure power system The mechanism of the force system and the institutionalization of the government information disclosure Based on this, the paper mainly includes the following core contents: firstly, on the basis of summarizing the basic problems of government information disclosure, the paper puts forward the research of the government information public power mechanism, and discusses its important significance; The research content and main point of view of the paper; the system combs the relevant theoretical results of the government information disclosure, and sets forth the theoretical basis for the study of the government information disclosure dynamic mechanism one by one; the research of this paper The second is to analyze the basic structure of the public power system of government information, and to analyze each of them. In general, the constituent elements of the public information system of the government include: institutional factors, power factors, organizational reasons The third is the four dimensions of endogenous and exogenous, different behavior subjects, soft power and hard power, traction, pushing, restriction and field force, respectively. The operation mechanism of the power system is discussed. From the power source, the public information disclosure is the endogenous power. The external force is sufficient and can promote the exertion of the external power, and the external force is sufficient to act on the endogenous force. The government, the media and the citizens are the information of the government, the citizen, the non-governmental organization, the media, the international public opinion and so on. The core behavior of the power system. From the dynamic nature, the public information disclosure is soft power. As a result of the co-operation with the hard power, the soft power formation is slow, the duration of the action is long, the existing problems in the government information can be fundamentally solved, the hard power is formed fast, the short-term effect of the effect is more obvious, but the duration is short We can't solve the problem fundamentally. In the direction of power, government information is subject to traction and driving force. The common role of binding and field forces. The present problems in the operation of the public power system of the government information are analyzed in this paper. First, the motive force of the basic power of the government information disclosure is insufficient, the conduction and the power are missing, and the other is the outside of the public information of the government. The pressure is not enough, the endogenous power is missing; the third is the lack of hard power and the lack of soft power of the government information disclosure; the fourth is that the pattern of the equal game between the government information and the power subject has not yet been formed; and the lack of traction, the driving force and the driving force of the government information disclosure The paper discusses the public practice of government information in the countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada, and sums up the experience of the government information of the developed countries, and points out that the practice of the public information disclosure of the developed countries is perfect for the improvement of our government. On the basis of the above research, the paper puts forward the power mechanism of the public information of our country. It includes: perfecting the interaction mechanism of endogenous power and external pressure; forming the interaction mechanism of the multi-body of the government information public construction; perfecting the interaction mechanism of the hard power and the soft power; and perfecting the traction force, the driving force and the constraint.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D035
[Abstract]:In the era of economic globalization and information, information resources become more and more important determinants of social and economic development. The government, as the most important subject of modern social information resources, controls over 80% of the information covering the whole society. Government information is not only a direct way for the public to know the behavior of the government, but also an important basis for the public to supervise the behavior of the government. To open specific government information to the public or to the subject in accordance with the law is the necessary way to realize the administration of democratic administration, administration by law and service, as well as the inevitable demand of the right to participate in the public, the right to know and the right of supervision, and even the important issue of the stability of the relationship and the social harmony. In our country, from the information security of the planned economy era, to the information public movement since the reform and opening-up, the public information of the government is highly concerned after the "SARS", and can In 2007, the information disclosure regulations of the Government of the People's Republic of China have been promulgated, and the information disclosure of the Chinese government is more marked by the legalization of the information disclosure construction of the Chinese government. However, from the whole point of view, the public practice of government information in our country is very late, and the experience is very important deficient. In the course of the implementation of the Regulations, there is still such a problem Issues. Some local government and sectoral information is not public, selective, false and so on, and the initiative and effectiveness of local government information disclosure remain to be improved; the role of non-governmental organizations in public information public construction is not yet It is clear that the legal norms and the supporting systems related to the disclosure of information are still to be improved At the same time, the domestic theoretical circle has a long history on the public information of the government, and it is mainly concerned with the phase of law, politics, management, communication and so on. From the perspective of political science and public management, the study of government information disclosure is rich, but the more common research is that the study of "the cause of the problem" and the "countermeasure" model is more, and the general law of the public behavior of government information is analyzed from the perspective of organizational behavior and dynamics. The research is less, which has some effect on the public practice of government information in theory research. It should be said that the public information disclosure is not only a legal issue, but also a major problem in the field of political and public administration, but also a group of complex concepts, such as government behavior motivation, strategy and method. In the process of the current government information disclosure, most of the existing problems are related to the lack of public power of the government information, such as information disclosure, selective disclosure, false disclosure, passive disclosure, etc., and fundamentally stems from some local governments and departments A man/ woman, who is not willing to offer information in an active, public, and impartial manner. Based on this, this paper is devoted to the exploration of the operational mechanism of the public power system of government information The general law of the public power system of the government information is analyzed from the level of the response, and the power system of the function positioning and interaction of the constituent elements is constructed. This paper analyzes the existing problems in the public power system of the government information from the actual level, and finds out the root cause of the shortage of the public information of our government. On the basis of this, we will advance the government information of our country. Open institutionalization, systematization and standardization In general, the core problems of this paper are three points: one is to be on the ground level, what elements of the power system of government information disclosure form each element how to function and how to function each other The second is the anti-view reality. What are the problems in the public power system of the government information of our country, from the point of view of organizational behavior, dynamics and system theory, how to perfect the public information of government from the operation mechanism and the running condition of the government information disclosure power system The mechanism of the force system and the institutionalization of the government information disclosure Based on this, the paper mainly includes the following core contents: firstly, on the basis of summarizing the basic problems of government information disclosure, the paper puts forward the research of the government information public power mechanism, and discusses its important significance; The research content and main point of view of the paper; the system combs the relevant theoretical results of the government information disclosure, and sets forth the theoretical basis for the study of the government information disclosure dynamic mechanism one by one; the research of this paper The second is to analyze the basic structure of the public power system of government information, and to analyze each of them. In general, the constituent elements of the public information system of the government include: institutional factors, power factors, organizational reasons The third is the four dimensions of endogenous and exogenous, different behavior subjects, soft power and hard power, traction, pushing, restriction and field force, respectively. The operation mechanism of the power system is discussed. From the power source, the public information disclosure is the endogenous power. The external force is sufficient and can promote the exertion of the external power, and the external force is sufficient to act on the endogenous force. The government, the media and the citizens are the information of the government, the citizen, the non-governmental organization, the media, the international public opinion and so on. The core behavior of the power system. From the dynamic nature, the public information disclosure is soft power. As a result of the co-operation with the hard power, the soft power formation is slow, the duration of the action is long, the existing problems in the government information can be fundamentally solved, the hard power is formed fast, the short-term effect of the effect is more obvious, but the duration is short We can't solve the problem fundamentally. In the direction of power, government information is subject to traction and driving force. The common role of binding and field forces. The present problems in the operation of the public power system of the government information are analyzed in this paper. First, the motive force of the basic power of the government information disclosure is insufficient, the conduction and the power are missing, and the other is the outside of the public information of the government. The pressure is not enough, the endogenous power is missing; the third is the lack of hard power and the lack of soft power of the government information disclosure; the fourth is that the pattern of the equal game between the government information and the power subject has not yet been formed; and the lack of traction, the driving force and the driving force of the government information disclosure The paper discusses the public practice of government information in the countries such as the United States, the United Kingdom and Canada, and sums up the experience of the government information of the developed countries, and points out that the practice of the public information disclosure of the developed countries is perfect for the improvement of our government. On the basis of the above research, the paper puts forward the power mechanism of the public information of our country. It includes: perfecting the interaction mechanism of endogenous power and external pressure; forming the interaction mechanism of the multi-body of the government information public construction; perfecting the interaction mechanism of the hard power and the soft power; and perfecting the traction force, the driving force and the constraint.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：D035
【相似文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 张化本;;高度重视政府信息公开工作[J];中国科技产业;2011年08期
2 戴红春;陈文俊;;做好政府信息公开工作的实践探索[J];办公室业务;2011年07期
3 ;再推政府信息公开的着力点[J];w，
本文编号：2503423
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shekelunwen/zhengzx/2503423.html
