论积极公民——共和主义与自由主义的公民定位分析

发布时间：2019-06-21 18:05

【摘要】：在共和主义掀起的与自由主义的争论中,围绕公民定位问题展开了广泛讨论。这样的讨论,将两种政治流派的自由观、国家观等内容串联起来。共和主义站在积极自由的立场上,对积极公民进行了全方位的褒扬,对自由主义的消极自由进行了消极公民的界定并加以严厉批判。两相比较,共和主义对自由主义的批判,是建立在并非自由主义主张的立场上的。自由主义从来没有以自己对消极自由的赞赏,将公民安顿在消极公民的位置上。相反,自由主义在公私领域、国家与社会领域分流发展的基础上,明确界定了公民以消极自由维权、以积极参与结社的立场。因此,共和主义对自由主义消极公民的批判是不成立的。倒是共和主义对现代政治弊端的批判,如果缺乏自由主义的规训,就会潜含危险甚至显露危机。这让共和主义只能以自由主义为归宿。
[Abstract]:In the debate between republicanism and liberalism, the issue of citizen positioning has been widely discussed. Such a discussion will connect the freedom view of the two political schools, the view of the state and so on. From the standpoint of positive freedom, republicanism praises positive citizens in an all-round way, defines and criticizes the negative citizens of liberalism. By comparison, Republican criticism of liberalism is based on a position that is not liberal. Liberalism has never settled its citizens in the position of negative citizens with its own appreciation of negative freedoms. On the contrary, liberalism clearly defines the position of citizens safeguarding their rights with negative freedom in order to actively participate in association on the basis of the diversion and development of public and private fields, state and social fields. Therefore, republicanism's criticism of the negative citizens of liberalism is untenable. On the other hand, republicanism criticizes the malpractice of modern politics, and if it lacks the discipline of liberalism, it will be dangerous and even exposed to crisis. This leaves republicism with liberalism.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学国际关系学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目(10AZZ003)
【分类号】：D08

【共引文献】