西夏时期藏传佛教在宁夏地区的发展和影响

发布时间：2018-02-26 15:34

本文关键词： 西夏藏传佛教考古　出处：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：藏传佛教是中国佛教三大系统之一,它融合了印度教、汉地佛教以及西藏的本土宗教苯教。自松赞干布时期佛教正式传入西藏,到后弘期的喇嘛教以及各大教派的形成与发展,藏传佛教作为一种文化体系,不断完善并向周围扩散。10世纪下半叶,佛教再度在西藏发展,而后很快就在西部的少数民族地区中传播,波及范围就包括今宁夏回族自治区一带。1038年,元昊称帝,建立了大夏国,宁夏平原正是其东部腹地,其特殊地理位置使西夏王朝的佛教受到中原佛教和藏传佛教两方面因素的影响。本文旨在前人的研究基础上,着眼于藏传佛教因素的影响,通过实地考察,并对考古发掘的实物资料进行由点到面的分析归纳、权衡比较,对西夏中后期藏传佛教在宁夏地区传播的背景、历史发展及其特征和影响等方面,作了全面而系统地阐述。尤其关注西夏藏传佛教在整个藏族佛教东传过程中所独具的跳板作用和重要地位。本文共分为三部分,即绪论、正文和结语。绪论部分。首先阐述了文章的断限问题,对论文中所涉及的概念进行了界定,概述本文的选题意义和写作动机,交代研究方法,并对相关问题的研究状况和研究史进行了梳理。正文共分为五章：第一章西夏与西夏佛教。本章首先概述了西夏王朝的基本历史状况,对其所具备的易于藏传佛教因素进入的条件进行探索。其次对西夏整体佛教传播情况与相关的考古资料进行了简单的概述。第三概述了藏传佛教在青藏高原地区的兴起和发展历程,并阐述了其与苯教斗争交融所具有的独特性,展示了松赞干布时期传入吐蕃的佛教,经过对土著文化的不断融合与吸收,最终成为独具特色的藏传佛教,并在宁夏地区传播的基本情况。第二章西夏东部地区的藏传佛教绘画。本章以宁夏境内的主要遗址点(宁夏拜寺沟西夏方塔、宁夏拜寺口双塔、宁夏拜寺口北寺群塔、宁夏贺兰县宏佛塔、宁夏青铜峡市一百零八塔、贺兰山岩画)所出土的考古资料为依据,对它们进行分类和比较,从绘画方面分析了西夏东部地区的藏传佛教因素,力图展示其在当时当地的广泛影响。第三章西夏东部地区的藏传佛教雕塑。佛教艺术中,雕塑是一个非常重要的方面。宁夏地区亦发现不少西夏时期的藏传佛教雕塑,按质地可分为木质雕塑、砖雕、泥塑、铜像、石刻等几类。第四章西夏东部地区的藏传佛教建筑。寺庙、佛塔是佛教活动的中心,历来提倡佛教的统治者无不重视寺庙和佛塔的建设。藏传佛教在西夏的流行也会影响到西夏佛教建筑。本章对西夏东部地区的藏传佛教建筑进行了分析和阐述。第五章西夏藏传佛教的影响与意义。本章注重西夏在藏传佛教向内地传播中发挥的中介和示范作用,为元代藏传佛教向内地传播奠定了宗教文化背景,也提供了一条宗教文化通道。同时,藏传佛教在西夏的传播也推动了藏传佛教艺术走向繁荣,形成了独具特色的西夏佛教艺术体系。结语对全文的内容进行总结,尤其对宁夏地区藏传佛教因素的重要意义进行总结,同时也归纳了本文研究的不足之处。解决的问题：本文在资料的收集、分析和运用上,力求打破遗址的局限性,突破以前对单个遗址藏传佛教因素的举例和论证。
[Abstract]:Tibetan Buddhism is one of the three Buddhist China system, it is the fusion of Hinduism, Chinese Buddhism and Tibet native religion. Buddhism was introduced to Tibet since the Song Xan Gan Bbu era, Lamaism to Philip and the formation of the major sects of Tibetan Buddhism and development, as a cultural system, and constantly improve and spread to the surrounding.10 the second half of the century, Buddhism once again in Tibet, and then spread quickly in the western minority areas, including the scope of the vicinity of the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.1038, Yuan Hao emperor, was established in the summer, Xia Pingyuan Ning is the eastern hinterland, the special geographical location of the Xixia Dynasty Buddhism influenced by the two factors of Central Plains Buddhism and Tibetan Buddhism. Based on previous research this paper, focusing on the influence of Tibetan Buddhism factors, through on-the-spot investigation, and the materials of archaeological excavations. The analysis for the point to the surface of the induction, the tradeoff of Xixia, in the late period of Tibetan Buddhism in Ningxia area in the background, historical development and its characteristics and effect, are discussed comprehensively and systematically. Especially the springboard Xixia Tibetan Buddhism unique in the whole Tibetan Buddhism in the process and important position. This paper is divided for the three part, namely the introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction part firstly expounds the limit of breaking the problem of the article, the definition of the concept in this thesis, an overview of the significance of this topic and writing motivation, explain the research method, and on issues related to the research status and history of the sort. The text is divided into five chapters: the first chapter Xixia and Xixia Buddhism. This chapter firstly summarizes the basic historical situation of Xixia Dynasty, explores into the factors of Tibetan Buddhism is easy to have the condition. Then on the West The overall spread of Buddhism and related archaeological data is summarized. Third overview of the rise and development of Tibetan Buddhism in the Tibetan Plateau, and expounds its unique blend of struggle and Bon, show the Song Xan Gan Bbu period into Tibet Buddhism, through continuous integration of the native culture and absorption. Eventually become the unique Tibetan Buddhism, the basic situation and spread in the Ningxia area. In the second chapter, Tibetan Buddhist painting Xixia eastern region. In this chapter, the main site of Ningxia province point (Ningxia Bai Si Gou Xi Xia Fang tower, Ningxia Twin Towers, Ningxia Bai Si Temple Temple worship, North Tower, Ningxia Wang Helan County pagoda, Ningxia Qingtongxia City one hundred and eight tower, Helan rock paintings) unearthed archaeological data as the basis, the classification and comparison of them, analyzes the Xixia painting from the eastern region because of Tibetan Buddhism At the time, trying to reveal the local wide influence. In the third chapter, the eastern part of the Tibetan Buddhist sculptures Xixia. Buddhist art, sculpture is a very important aspect of Xixia period. Many Tibetan Buddhist sculptures were also found in Ningxia area, with a good quality can be divided into wood sculpture, brick carving, clay sculpture, bronze, stone etc. several kinds of Xixia. In the fourth chapter, the eastern part of the Tibetan Buddhist architecture. The temple, the pagoda is the center of Buddhist activities, has always advocated the Buddhist rulers attach importance to the construction of temples and pagodas. Tibetan Buddhism in Xixia popular will also affect the Xixia Buddhist architecture. This chapter on the eastern region of the Tibetan Buddhist architecture is analyzed and elaborated influence of Xixia. The fifth chapter of Tibetan Buddhism and the significance. This chapter focuses on Xixia in Tibetan Buddhism spread to the mainland to play the intermediary role model and to the Yuan Dynasty Tibetan Buddhism spread to the mainland for cases Teach the cultural background, but also provides a channel of religious culture. At the same time, the spread of Tibetan Buddhism in Xixia also contributed to the prosperity of Tibetan Buddhist art, formed a unique system of Xixia Buddhist art. The last chapter is summary, especially on the important factors of Tibetan Buddhism in Ningxia area were summarized, and also summarized the shortcomings of this paper. To solve the problem: This paper collected in the data, analysis and application, and strive to break the limitations of the site, on the site before the breakthrough single factors for Tibetan Buddhism and demonstration.

【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：B946.6;K246.3

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