科学价值观的“宗教主义形态”:影响近代科学发展的双刃剑——以基督教为例

发布时间：2018-07-08 19:16

本文选题：科学价值观 + “宗教主义形态”　；参考：《求索》2013年08期

【摘要】：在工具主义科学价值观中有一种"宗教主义形态",即为了证明宗教教义的真理性而把科学研究作为工具的价值观。虽然没有人对此进行专门的研究,但在西方很长一段历史中,科学价值观的"宗教主义形态"对近代科学发展的影响却不容忽视。在它的指引下,基督徒-科学家将宗教信仰看成科学研究的最终目的、最大动力与精神寄托,激励着他们不懈地探索自然。基督徒们也在宗教活动中培养起了科学精神与科学素质,为以后的科学研究做好了准备。在该价值观的引导下,科学在一定程度内得到了社会的承认和支持,并逐步向一种社会建制迈进。但是,每当科学发现威胁到教义的真理性,即认识上帝的手段与证明上帝的目的发生矛盾时,人们在该价值观的影响下,往往会将宗教信仰放在首位,抛弃科学这个证明上帝的工具,对产生威胁的理论进行压制,即使是科学家本身也会如此。因此,科学价值观的"宗教主义形态"对科学的影响是辨证的:一方面,它推动了近代科学的形成和发展,另一方面,它也会对科学发展造成阻滞。可见,对科学价值观的"宗教主义形态"的考察是审视科学与宗教关系的一个新的重要维度。
[Abstract]:There is a form of religionism in the scientific values of instrumentalism, that is, scientific research is regarded as a tool value in order to prove the truth of religious doctrine. Although no one has made any special research on this issue, the influence of the "religious form" of scientific values on the development of modern science should not be ignored in the long history of the West. Under its guidance, Christians and scientists regard religious belief as the ultimate goal of scientific research, the greatest motive force and spiritual sustenance, and encourage them to explore nature unremittingly. Christians also cultivate scientific spirit and scientific quality in religious activities and prepare for future scientific research. Under the guidance of this value, science has been recognized and supported by the society to a certain extent, and gradually stride forward to a kind of social system. However, whenever scientific discoveries threaten the truth of doctrine, that is, when there is a contradiction between the means of knowing God and the purpose of proving God, people, under the influence of that value, tend to put religious belief first. Abandon science as a tool to prove God and suppress the theory of threat, even by scientists themselves. Therefore, the influence of the "religious form" of scientific values on science is dialectical: on the one hand, it promotes the formation and development of modern science, on the other hand, it will block the development of science. Therefore, it is a new important dimension to examine the relationship between science and religion.
【作者单位】：国防科学技术大学人文与社会科学学院;
【分类号】：B978

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