罗素的宗教与科学思想探究

发布时间：2019-06-25 09:16

【摘要】：宗教与科学的争论是个由来已久的话题,论文主要针对罗素关于宗教与科学的思想进行探究,分析宗教与科学斗争产生的原因和结果,试图找出二者冲突的根源和未来的发展趋势,以探究宗教与科学的矛盾是否具有调和的可能和方法。本篇论文大致可以分为四个部分,第一部分主要介绍宗教与科学的研究现状和研究的意义所在,以及论文采用的研究方法和可能存在的创新之处;第二部分主要描述罗素成长的背景,包括罗素本人家庭成长的环境和当时所处的一个大的社会时代状况,从而引出关于其宗教与科学的理论形成背景;第三部分则主要根据罗素的原著具体分析了罗素关于宗教与科学矛盾斗争的看法,从宗教与科学的本质出发,阐述了二者对社会所起到的重要作用,然后具体分析了两者之间产生冲突的本质根源,最后通过一系列历史事件,分别从天文学、物理学、生物学和医学等方面逐步论述了宗教与科学斗争的结果,指出科学在近年来的斗争中往往是取得胜利的一方,同时他也承认宗教与科学之间存在可以调和的地方和方法,认为二者之间也可以相互借鉴达到自身的发展。在论述宗教与科学的发展趋势时,他认为宗教能够带给人信仰,有助于社会建立相关道德伦理的价值观,他强调科学精神求真务实,但不讲价值,科学需要借助宗教去处理价值方面的问题,而宗教也应该帮助科学去解决价值方面的问题;第四部分则对罗素的宗教与科学思想做出了一个简要的评价,包括罗素在科学和哲学方面做出的贡献,最后从辩证法的角度评价了罗素其思想的不足和存在的缺陷,罗素思想过多的依赖于间接的理论,在论述宗教和科学有关价值问题上所做的结论过于绝对,其对于宗教与科学二者关系的论述虽具有辩证性,但显得并不彻底。
[Abstract]:The debate between religion and science is a long-standing topic. This paper mainly explores Russell's thought on religion and science, analyzes the causes and results of the struggle between religion and science, and tries to find out the root causes and future development trend of the conflict between religion and science, so as to explore whether the contradiction between religion and science has the possibility and method of reconciling. This paper can be divided into four parts. The first part mainly introduces the research status and significance of religion and science, as well as the research methods and possible innovations. The second part mainly describes the background of Russell's growth, including the environment in which Russell himself grew up and a big social situation at that time, thus leading to the background of his theory of religion and science. The third part mainly analyzes Russell's views on the struggle between religion and science according to Russell's original works, expounds their important role in society from the essence of religion and science, and then analyzes the essential root causes of the conflict between the two. Finally, through a series of historical events, from astronomy and physics, This paper discusses the results of the struggle between religion and science step by step in biology and medicine, and points out that science is often the victorious party in the struggle in recent years. At the same time, he also recognizes that there are places and methods that can be reconciled between religion and science, and holds that the two can also draw lessons from each other to achieve their own development. When discussing the development trend of religion and science, he believes that religion can bring people faith and help the society to establish the relevant moral and ethical values. He emphasizes that the scientific spirit is pragmatic, but not value. Science needs to deal with the value problem with the help of religion, and religion should also help science to solve the value problem. The fourth part makes a brief evaluation of Russell's religion and scientific thought, including Russell's contribution to science and philosophy, and finally evaluates the shortcomings and defects of Russell's thought from the perspective of dialectics. Russell's thought relies too much on indirect theory, and his conclusion on the value of religion and science is too absolute. Although its exposition of the relationship between religion and science is dialectical, it is not thorough.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：B913

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