笼养黑鹳求偶行为研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 13:45

本文关键词：笼养黑鹳求偶行为研究　出处：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：黑鹳(Ciconia nigra)隶属于鹳形目鹳科鹳属,国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类。目前,黑鹳的迁地保护主要以动物园保护为主,动物园保护的目的是增加黑鹳的种群数量,而求偶成功是黑鹳繁殖成功的关键。有关笼养黑鹳求偶行为的研究多为对各种行为的概述,缺乏对其求偶行为的详细研究与报道。因此,本研究对黑鹳求偶期行为进行研究,筛选求偶行为,建立黑鹳求偶行为谱,同时对求偶鸣声进行研究,以期为迁地保护条件下黑鹳的繁殖提供科学依据。2014年12月-2015年6月利用红外线监控设备对河北保定动物园内5对黑鹳的繁殖期行为进行了监控和录制,采用全事件记录法获取每对黑鹳的行为视频资料,通过逐秒分析的方法筛选出求偶行为并编订PAE求偶行为谱。对其中筛选出来鸣声求偶行为的发生次数进行日节律和月节律的统计分析,并以交尾行为的出现与否作为时间界点,对鸣声求偶行为发生次数进行交尾前期和后期的对比分析。对鸣声求偶行为所发出的鸣声进行处理转化,最后分析其音素特征和句子特征,以交尾行为的出现与否作为时间界点,并结合不同黑鹳对句子特征进行对比分析。结果表明:(1)雄鹳求偶行为包含10种姿势、42种动作、11种行为,获得了包含这些行为的PAE行为谱。依据求偶行为发生的方式将求偶行为划分为鸣声求偶行为、动作求偶行为。本研究8种求偶行为新记录求偶行为。(2)笼养黑鹳鸣声求偶行为的日变化呈现白天多晚上少,上午比下午发生频繁的规律。笼养黑鹳的对鸣求偶行为发生次数的日节律呈现三峰型。(3)笼养黑鹳求偶鸣声音素可以分为两类,句子可分为三类:前突型、中突型、后突型。(4)笼养黑鹳不同黑鹳个体所发出的求偶鸣声在速率和频宽上具有差异。笼养黑鹳求偶单鸣句子的速率与求偶对鸣句子相比差异显著,频宽差异不显著。不同黑鹳对应单鸣和对鸣求偶行为的鸣声在速率和频宽上差异十分显著。(5)交尾行为的出现影响求偶对鸣的速率和频宽,交尾后期求偶对鸣的速率显著增高,频宽显著变窄。交尾行为的出现仅影响求偶单鸣句子的频宽,不影响速率。笼养黑鹳求偶鸣声的速率与频宽呈现显著的负相关关系,频宽越宽速率越慢。笼养黑鹳PAE编码求偶行为谱综合姿势、动作、环境、性别等要素对黑鹳求偶行为进行描述,使黑鹳行为易于理解。笼养黑鹳求偶行为及鸣声所呈现的上述特点可能是环境和遗传共同作用的结果。
[Abstract]:The black stork Ciconia nigra) belongs to the stork-shaped stork family stork, which is one of the most important protected birds in the country. At present, the main protection of the black stork is the protection of zoos. The purpose of zoo conservation is to increase the population of black storks, and the success of mating is the key to the success of breeding of black storks. Therefore, this study studies the behavior of black stork in courtship period, screening the behavior of courtship, establishing the spectrum of courtship behavior of black stork, and studying the sound of courtship. From December 2014 to June 2015, five black storks in Baoding Zoo, Hebei Province, were monitored by infrared monitoring equipment. Control and recording. The behavior video data of each pair of black storks were obtained by the method of full event recording. The courtship behavior was screened out by the method of second to second analysis and the spectrum of courtship behavior of PAE was compiled. The daily rhythm and the monthly rhythm of the courtship behavior were analyzed statistically. Taking the occurrence of mating behavior as the time bound point, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the number of courtship behavior in the early and late stages of mating, and processes and transforms the sound generated by the sound courting behavior. Finally, the phoneme features and sentence features are analyzed, and the occurrence of copulation behavior is taken as the time bound point. The results show that the courtship behavior of male storks consists of 10 postures and 42 movements and 11 behaviors. The PAE behavior spectrum including these behaviors is obtained, and the courtship behavior is divided into sound courtship behavior according to the way of courtship behavior. In this study, 8 kinds of courtship behaviors were newly recorded. (2) the diurnal variation of the courting behavior of black storks in captivity was more and less in the daytime than in the night. In the morning than in the afternoon, the daily rhythm of the frequency of courting behavior of black storks in captivity shows three peaks.) the phonemes of courtship of black storks in captivity can be divided into two types, the sentences can be divided into three types: protruding type. The rate of courtship of black stork in captivity is different in speed and frequency width, and the rate of singling sentence of cage black stork is significantly different from that of courtship opposite sentence. 4) in caged black stork, the rate of courtship sound of black stork is different in speed and frequency width. There was no significant difference in frequency width. Different black storks had significant difference in speed and frequency width in response to mono and courtship behavior. 5) the emergence of mating behavior affected the rate and frequency width of courtship. In the late stage of mating, the rate of courtship and the frequency width were significantly increased, and the occurrence of mating behavior only affected the frequency width of single courtship sentence. There was a significant negative correlation between the frequency width and the rate of courtship of black stork in captivity. The wider the frequency width, the slower the rate. PAE encoding mating behavior spectrum synthesis posture, action, environment of black stork in captivity. Sex and other factors describe the courtship behavior of black stork so that the behavior of black stork is easy to understand. The above characteristics of courting behavior and singing of captive black stork may be the result of the interaction of environment and heredity.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q958

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