基于数值模拟的古交地区煤炭开采对岩溶水的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 21:02

本文选题：煤炭开采　切入点：岩溶水　出处：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：晋祠泉是太原市的第二大岩溶泉,是当地工业、农业及居民生活用水的重要水源。作为我国重要焦煤基地之一的古交矿区,恰好位于晋祠泉域的补给区,由于其地理位置的特殊性,使得古交矿区的煤炭开采活动对晋祠泉域的岩溶水产生了重大影响。随着古交煤炭开采量的增加,煤系地层各附岩含水层出现了不同程度的破坏,采煤疏排地下水成为当地地下水排泄的主要方式,从而进一步加剧了古交岩溶地下水位的持续下降,使当地水资源供需矛盾日益突出。煤炭开采对岩溶地下水的影响不容忽视,研究古交地区煤炭开采对岩溶水的影响机制及影响规律十分必要,对当地用水安全的保障和水资源的可持续利用具有重要意义。本文主要研究内容及成果如下:(1)在系统收集和整理大量研究区数据资料的基础上,通过水文地质条件分析,掌握古交矿区各含水层的类型、赋存条件、分布规律,明确各含水层的补给来源和排泄途径。基于三维可视化结构软件GMS构建古交三维地质结构模型,直观认识和分析古交岩溶含水层与其他含水层的位置关系和水力联系。(2)以采煤活动影响下含水层结构变化机理和矿坑排水水源组成分析为前提,探讨古交地区煤炭开采对不同含水层补给、径流、排泄的影响,以目标含水层与其他含水层间的水力联系为基础,综合分析古交煤炭开采对岩溶含水层补给、径流、排泄条件的影响。(3)建立古交煤炭开采对岩溶水影响的量化分析模型。将1980年前视为无采煤期,1980年后视为采煤期。基于1975~1980年数据,应用地下水模拟软件GMS对研究区水文地质条件进行概化,通过识别验证,建立古交无采煤影响的岩溶水数值模型;以此模型为基础,选取存在实际统测水位的年份1985年、2000年及2009年,模拟三年无采煤影响的岩溶水水位,通过与实测水位对比,并结合历年原煤开采量数据,分析古交煤炭开采对岩溶水的影响量及影响规律。研究结果表明:在采煤影响下,古交岩溶水位在1980年到1985年下降7.42m、平均吨煤影响率为4.65m3/t,1980年到2000年岩溶水位下降20.65m、平均吨煤影响率3.32m3/t,1980年到2009年岩溶水位下降29.71m,平均吨煤影响率2.51m3/t,表明在模拟期内采煤对古交岩溶水的影响量逐渐变大,吨煤影响率在减少。
[Abstract]:Jinci Spring is the second largest karst spring in Taiyuan. It is an important source of water for local industry, agriculture and residents.Gujiao mining area, one of the important coking coal bases in China, happens to be located in the supply area of Jinci spring area. Because of the particularity of its geographical location, the coal mining activities in Gujiao mining area have a great influence on the karst water in Jinci spring area.With the increase of coal exploitation in Gujiao, the strata of coal measures have been destroyed to varying degrees, and the drainage of underground water from coal mining has become the main way of drainage of local groundwater.Thus, the groundwater level of Gujiao karst continues to decline, and the contradiction between supply and demand of local water resources is becoming increasingly prominent.The influence of coal mining on karst groundwater can not be ignored. It is necessary to study the influence mechanism and law of coal mining on karst water in Gujiao area. It is of great significance to ensure the safety of local water use and the sustainable utilization of water resources.The main contents and results of this paper are as follows: (1) on the basis of systematically collecting and arranging a large number of data in the study area, through the analysis of hydrogeological conditions, we can master the types, conditions of occurrence and distribution of aquifers in Gujiao mining area.Identify recharge sources and discharge routes for each aquifer.The 3D geological structure model of Gujiao was constructed based on 3D visualization structure software GMS.Intuitionistic understanding and analysis of the location relationship and hydraulic relation between Gujiao karst aquifer and other aquifers. (2) based on the analysis of aquifer structure change mechanism and water source composition of mine drainage under the influence of coal mining activities,This paper discusses the influence of coal mining on the recharge, runoff and discharge of different aquifers in Gujiao area. Based on the hydraulic relationship between the target aquifer and other aquifers, the recharge and runoff of karst aquifer by coal mining in Gujiao are comprehensively analyzed.The quantitative analysis model of the influence of Gujiao coal mining on karst water is established.Before 1980 as the mining period, after 1980 as the mining period.Based on the data from 1975 to 1980, the groundwater simulation software GMS is used to generalize the hydrogeological conditions in the study area. Through identification and verification, a numerical model of karst water without the influence of coal mining in Gujiao is established, which is based on the model.In 1985, 2000 and 2009, the karst water level without the influence of coal mining was simulated in the years of 1985, 2000 and 2009, and compared with the measured water level, and combined with the data of raw coal extraction over the years.The influence of Gujiao coal mining on karst water is analyzed.The results show that under the influence of coal mining,The influence of coal on karst water in Gujiao gradually increased.The influence rate of ton coal is decreasing.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P641.8;TD82

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