近30年聊城市东昌府区土地利用变化与景观格局演变研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 06:22

本文选题：东昌府区 + 土地利用变化　；参考：《聊城大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：土地利用/土地覆盖演变对区域内生态环境产生重要影响,同时以积累的形式影响全球环境改变。开展土地利用与景观格局演变分析,研究影响它的驱动因素,能够有助于了解其所导致的地球生态系统的服务与功能变化,对于区域的可持续发展具有重要指导意义。本文以遥感与GIS技术为支撑手段,研究了聊城市驻地东昌府区30年来的土地利用与景观格局动态变化情况。根据研究区的实际用地情况,把东昌府区划分为城镇工矿用地、耕地、交通用地、村庄用地、水域及水利设施用地、园林用地、未利用地7种土地利用类型。依据土地分类体系,对研究区1987、1997、2007以及2016年的4期遥感影像进行分类,分别从转入、转出两个路径以及土地利用的相对动态度方面探讨了东昌府区土地利用变化过程和变化幅度,并采用景观指数研究方法对研究区景观格局演变做了定量分析。论文的主要内容和结论如下:(1)土地类型比重。东昌府区近30年的土地主体景观一直是耕地,占全区面积比重均在64%以上;其次是村庄用地,占东昌府区面积比例均在13%以上;水域及水利设施用地、园林用地、交通用地的面积比重比较小,分别占全区面积的3.58%、3.26%、1.82%;未利用地和城镇工矿用地面积比重波动剧烈,波动范围分别在0%-17.24%、1.80%-12.26%之间。(2)土地利用转化。面积减少最大的是未利用地,在1987年为248.59km2,至2007年减少为0,最大转出用地类型是耕地,向耕地累计转出面积为214.73km2;面积增加最大的是城镇工矿用地,在1987年为25.88km2,至2016年增加为176.80 km2,最大转入用地类型也是耕地,由耕地累计转入89.77km2。另外,2016年对比1987年土地利用相对动态度测算中,除了面积持续增加的城镇工矿用地为最高的20.36%之外,园林地也高达15.88%,表明园林地与其他土地类型间转化量也较大。(3)土地利用转化速度。依据土地利用相对动态度可描述变化幅度,城镇工矿用地先增后减,村庄用地总体减小,其余5种土地利用类型均是逐步减小;同时,1987-1997年、1997-2007年、2007-2016年的土地类型间转化总量分别为412.63km2、313.69km2、271.67km2,依次递减。综上,近三十年东昌府区土地利用变化幅度越来越弱,土地利用结构越来越稳定。(4)景观格局演变。全区近30年来,蔓延度指数和凝聚度指数由63.35和99.47升至64.14和99.63,再降至62.44和99.39;分离度指数变化相反,由8.92降至7.34,再升至10.41;表明全区景观呈“聚集-分散”演变,景观破碎化程度加大。周长面积分维数1.31降至1.26,再升至1.27;景观形状指数由50.75持续降至32.93,但后期降幅大大缩小;表明全区景观形状呈“简单化-调整期”演变,景观形状有向复杂化转变趋势。香浓多样性指数和均匀度指数由1.28和0.62降至1.27和0.61,经过一段调整期后,升至1.28和0.66;表明景观多样性呈“简单化-调整期-丰富化”的演变,景观格局更加丰富、均衡。总体讲,东昌府区景观生态结构趋于健康合理方向发展。
[Abstract]:Land use / land cover evolution has an important impact on the ecological environment in the region, and affects global environmental changes in the form of accumulation. Analysis of the evolution of land use and landscape pattern and the driving factors affecting it can help to understand the changes in the services and functions of the earth's ecosystem, and the area The sustainable development has important guiding significance. This paper studies the dynamic changes of land use and landscape pattern in the Dongchangfu District of Liaocheng city for 30 years by means of remote sensing and GIS technology. According to the actual land use situation in the study area, the Dongchangfu district is divided into urban industrial and mining land, cultivated land, transportation land, village land, water area and water. According to the land classification system, the 7 remote sensing images of the 198719972007 and 2016 are classified according to the land classification system. The change process and the change range of the land use change in Dongchangfu district are discussed from the transfer, two paths and the relative dynamic degree of land use respectively. The main contents and conclusions of the paper are as follows: (1) the proportion of land type. The land main landscape of Dongchangfu area in the last 30 years has been cultivated land, accounting for more than 64% of the area of the whole area, followed by the village land, accounting for more than 13% of the proportion of the area of Dongchangfu. The area of water and water conservancy facilities, garden land and traffic land are relatively small, accounting for 3.58%, 3.26%, 1.82% of the area of the whole area respectively; the proportion of unused land and urban industrial and mining area fluctuates violently, the range of fluctuation is between 0%-17.24% and 1.80%-12.26%. (2) land use transformation. The largest area reduction is unused land in 1987. In 1987 For 248.59km2, to 2007, it was reduced to 0, the largest transfer land type was cultivated land, the cumulative area of arable land was 214.73km2; the largest increase in the area was urban industrial and mining land, in 1987 25.88km2, to 176.80 km2 in 2016, the largest transfer to land type was also cultivated land, from cultivated land to 89.77km2. in addition, 2016 to 1987 and 1987. In the calculation of the relative dynamic degree of land use, in addition to the maximum area of urban industrial and mining land with the highest area of 20.36%, the garden land is also up to 15.88%, which indicates that the conversion of garden land and other land types is also larger. (3) the speed of land use transformation. At the same time, the total amount of the other 5 types of land use is gradually reduced. At the same time, the total amount of land type transformation between 1987-1997 years, 1997-2007 years and 2007-2016 years is 412.63km2313.69km2271.67km2, decreasing in turn. In the last thirty years, the land use change in Dongchangfu area is becoming weaker and weaker, and the structure of land use is increasing. More stable. (4) the landscape pattern evolves. In the last 30 years, the spread index and cohesion index have risen from 63.35 and 99.47 to 64.14 and 99.63, and then to 62.44 and 99.39; the separation index changes from 8.92 to 7.34 and then to 10.41, indicating that the landscape of the whole region is "aggregated and dispersed", the extent of landscape fragmentation is increased. The dimension of the circumference is fractal dimension. 1.31 to 1.26, and then to 1.27, and the landscape shape index decreased from 50.75 to 32.93, but the later decline was greatly reduced; it showed that the landscape shape of the whole area was "simplification - adjustment period", and the landscape shape had a trend toward complex hybrid. The fragrance diversity index and evenness index dropped from 1.28 and 0.62 to 1.27 and 0.61, and after a period of adjustment, it rose. To 1.28 and 0.66, the landscape diversity shows a "simplification - adjustment period - rich" evolution, the landscape pattern is more rich and balanced. Generally speaking, the landscape ecological structure of Dongchangfu District tends to a healthy and rational direction.

【学位授予单位】：聊城大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P901;F301.2

【相似文献】