恒温及室内变温条件下广东栅蚤蝇发育研究
发布时间：2018-05-09 03:12
本文选题：广东栅蚤蝇 + 死亡时间 ； 参考：《沈阳大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】：广东栅蚤蝇Diplonevra peregrina(Wiedemann)隶属于蚤蝇科栅蚤蝇属,在我国分布广泛,是第一个在中国以双名法记录的蚤蝇种类。该种幼虫的食性为腐食性或尸食性,是一种常见的、重要的法医蝇类,在死亡时间的推断中具有重要作用。本研究以广东栅蚤蝇D.peregrina为实验材料,在恒温恒湿和室内变温条件下,观察各虫态的发育历期,采用Olympus三维重构图像处理系统测量幼虫体长,活体解剖观察蛹发育,测定各虫态的发育起点温度和有效积温。旨在积累该种幼期发育生物学资料,为我国利用尸食性蚤蝇推断室内案件死亡时间奠定基础。本研究主要结果如下:1.不同恒温恒湿条件或室内变温条件下,广东栅蚤蝇D.peregrina卵、幼虫和蛹的发育历期随着温度的升高缩短。在24℃、27℃和30℃,卵平均最短发育时间分别为17.86±0.44h、15.13±0.39h、12.28±0.48h;幼虫平均最短发育时间分别为158.88±16.50h、127.03±4.72h、107.53±3.80h;雌蛹平均最短发育时间分别为376.37±13.64h、311.56±8.53h、264.56±9.46h;雄蛹平均最短发育时间分别为367.66±19.19h、308.74±6.45h、255.04±4.37h。在33℃,卵不发育。2.构建了24℃、27℃和30℃广东栅蚤蝇D.peregrina幼虫体长与发育时间的拟合方程,分别为Y=㧟0.299㧏0.208X㧟0.001X2(R2=0.929)、Y=㧟0.053㧏0.224X㧟0.001X2(R2=0.934)、Y=0.614㧏0.19X㧟0.001X2(R2=0.951)。3.构建了室内变温条件下广东栅蚤蝇D.peregrina幼虫体长与有效积温的拟合方程,取食期:Y1=0.862㧏0.848X1(R2=0.978);离食期:Y2=27.604㧟1.46X2(R2=0.96)。4.根据广东栅蚤蝇D.peregrina裸蛹外部形态特征,将其蛹期划分为8个亚期,即预蛹期、呼吸角伸出期、胸腹分节期、胸背肌分化和腹部分节期、黄眼期、胸背部着色期、腹背板着色期和黑眼期。5.测定并比较了恒温及室内变温条件下,广东栅蚤蝇D.peregrina卵、幼虫和蛹的发育起点温度与有效积温,结果显示室温条件下广东栅蚤蝇D.peregrina发育速度较恒温条件下快。恒温条件下,广东栅蚤蝇D.peregrina卵、幼虫和蛹的发育起点温度分别为11.22±2.52℃、11.40±0.46℃、11.34±1.35℃,有效积温分别为232.54±36.83小时·度、1994.56±57.68小时·度、4808.67±410.17小时·度。室内变温条件下,广东栅蚤蝇D.peregrina卵、幼虫和蛹的发育起点温度分别为14.78±1.25℃、15.88±0.9℃和16.04±0.2℃,有效积温分别为176.24±19.52小时·度、1571.95±158.07小时·度和3516.41±100.46小时·度。
[Abstract]:Diplonevra peregrina Wiedemannn belongs to the genus Daphnidae, which is widely distributed in China and is the first species recorded in China by double name method. The larva is a common, important forensic fly, which plays an important role in the estimation of death time. In this study, D.peregrina was used as the experimental material, under the condition of constant temperature, humidity and indoor temperature, the developmental periods of each insect were observed. The larval length was measured by Olympus three-dimensional reconstruction image processing system, and the development of pupa was observed by in vivo anatomy. The development threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature of each species were measured. The aim of this study was to accumulate the developmental biological data of the juvenile species and to lay a foundation for the estimation of the death time of indoor cases by using the cadaveric flea fly in China. The main results of this study are as follows: 1. The developmental periods of D.peregrina eggs, larvae and pupae were shortened with the increase of temperature under different conditions of constant temperature and humidity or indoor temperature change. The average minimum developmental time of eggs was 17.86 卤0.44 h (15.13 卤0.39 h), that of larvae was 158.88 卤16.50 h (127.03 卤4.72 h), that of female pupae was 376.37 卤13.64 h (311.56 卤8.53 h), and that of male pupae was 367.66 卤19.19 h, 308.74 卤6.45 h, 255.04 卤4.37 h, respectively. At 33 鈩，
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