左脑额中回在中文阅读过程中的光成像研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 12:00

本文选题：左脑额中回 + 中文阅读　；参考：《深圳大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：语言是人类重要而独特的大脑认知功能,过去已有大量的研究对大脑在语言认知任务状态下的脑部活动进行探索。英语作为世界上使用最广泛的语言,而汉语作为世界上使用人口最多的语言,有关二者的研究一直以来是非常热门的方向。前人研究表明,大脑在对二者的认知加工区域上存在差异,特别的是左脑额中回,这一特别区域对于中文阅读有着至关重要的作用,而前人的研究并未发现该脑区在英文阅读过程中有重要作用。前人用功能性磁共振成像(fMRI),脑电图和事件相关电位(EEG/ERP),功能近红外光谱(functional near-infrared spectroscopy,fNIRS),脑磁图成像(MEG)等技术来探究中文字形、字音和字义加工过程中脑区定位以及三者激活的先后顺序。然而,对于中文阅读过程中,形音义的激活时间先后顺序,目前尚未形成统一定论。主流理论有直接通达模型,即字形到字义直接通达,和语音中介模型,即字形到字义通过字音传达。fNIRS技术对研究阅读中不同成分的时间进程具有一定优势。例如,相比于fMRI,它对被试的要求低,时间分辨率高;相比于EEG/ERP和MEG,它有更好的实用性和空间定位能力。鉴于上述优点,本研究使用fNIRS技术探讨左脑额中回亚区在中文阅读过程中形、音、义任务下的血液动力学的时间序列的改变。被试是母语为汉语的19名大学生,实验任务为中文汉字的字体大小判断、同音字判断和同义字判断。分析数据得出以下结论:1.左脑额中回前叶相较于左脑额中回后叶,其激活强度更小,激活时间更晚。2.在左脑额中回前叶,形音义的激活时间没有出现显著差异。而在左脑额中回后叶,为形音义先后激活顺序。该结果与主流理论一致。本次实验研究应用光成像研究方法,从新的角度研究中文阅读加工过程,为汉字形、音、义的激活时间进程提供了神经生理学的证据。
[Abstract]:Language is an important and unique cognitive function of human brain. English is the most widely used language in the world, while Chinese is the most popular language in the world. Previous studies have shown that there are differences in the cognitive processing regions of the brain, especially the left middle frontal gyrus, which plays an important role in Chinese reading. Previous studies have not found that the brain region plays an important role in English reading. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), electroencephalogram (EEG) and event-related potentials (EMG), functional near infrared spectroscopy (near-infrared) and magnetic field imaging (Meg) were used to investigate the sequence of activation and location of the brain region in the processing of Chinese characters, sounds and meanings. However, in the process of Chinese reading, there is no uniform conclusion on the activation time sequence of phonetic meaning. The mainstream theories have direct access model, that is, the direct access model from glyph to meaning, and the phonetic intermediary model, which means that the phonetic communication of glyph to meaning has some advantages in studying the time process of different components in reading. For example, compared with fMRI, it has lower requirements and higher temporal resolution than fMRI, and it has better practicability and spatial location ability than EGR / ERP and Meg. In view of the above advantages, the fNIRS technique was used to investigate the changes of hemodynamic time series in the left frontal middle gyrus during Chinese reading. The subjects were 19 college students whose mother tongue was Chinese. The task of the experiment was to judge the font size, homonym and synonym of Chinese characters. Analysis of the data comes to the following conclusion: 1. The activation intensity of the left middle frontal gyrus was lower than that of the left middle frontal gyrus, and the activation time was much later than that of the left middle frontal gyrus. There was no significant difference in the activation time of shape and meaning in the anterior lobe of left frontal gyrus. In the posterior lobe of left frontal gyrus, the shape and meaning were activated successively. The results are consistent with the mainstream theory. In this study, the processing process of Chinese reading is studied from a new perspective by using the method of optical imaging, which provides evidence of neurophysiology for the activation time process of Chinese characters' shape, sound and meaning.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R338

【相似文献】