湖北省植被动态变化与物候对气候变化的响应

发布时间：2018-06-21 08:34

本文选题：GIMMS + NDVI3g　；参考：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来全球变暖趋势越发严峻,气候变化引发的一系列环境事件也成为了人类社会可持续发展亟待解决的重要问题。植被通过光合作用、地表反射率以及粗糙度调节生物圈层中的能量转换、碳循环和气候变化。从不同空间、时间尺度上理解植被变化及其与气候变量之间的关系不仅能揭示植被对气候变化的响应机制,还能预测植被未来生长趋势。文章根据1982-2015年湖北省气象数据对湖北省近34年气候时空变化趋势进行分析,并结合长时间序列GIMMS NDVI3g遥感数据,探究全球气候变暖的背景下,湖北省近34年来NDVI时间变化规律及空间分布特征。同时在GIS、Matlab平台下使用时间序列谐波分析法反演地表物候参数,基于Sen趋势法和MK检验法从空间和时间的角度定量地描述湖北省植被整体和不同植被类型地表物候参数的时空演变规律,进一步深入地探讨研究区内地表植被覆盖NDVI和地表物候参数与主要的气候因子的之间的相互作用关系。探索湖北省植被覆盖与气候变化之间时空耦合关系有利于充分理解气候变化对当地植被动态变化的影响,为当地自然资源利用和保护提供有利的科学依据,而且对于增强适应和减缓气候变化的能力也有重要的指导作用。主要结论如下:(1)1982-2015年期间,湖北省多年平均温度总体上呈现出逐渐增加的趋势,其中鄂中部、南部及鄂东北部温度增加趋势明显快于其他区域。而湖北省多年年均降水量表现出逐渐减少的趋势,仅有鄂西部竹溪县、竹山县以及鄂南部荆州市降水呈上升趋势。(2)1982-2015年湖北省NDVI空间分布表现为自东向西逐渐增加的态势,全省植被NDVI总体变化趋势以增加为主,但80、90年代时期NDVI上涨的速率相对较低。春夏秋三季植被NDVI整体均呈增加趋势,冬季NDVI呈下降趋势。就不同植被类型而言,灌丛和草丛的增加幅度最大,表现最为显著。(3)从整个研究区来看,年均NDVI与气温呈正相关关系而与年均降水量表现为负相关性;春、夏、秋、冬季均NDVI与气温的相关性都明显高于与降水的相关性。研究区域内所有的植被类型的年均NDVI与气温均呈正相关关系,仅针叶林和灌丛与降水呈正相关关系,其余的植被类型均与降水呈不明显负相关关系。(4)湖北省植被的生长季开始时间平均值在第109天,生长季结束日期在第286天,生长季长度范围为177天。在不同植被类型的物候参数变化中,只有沼泽植被生长季开始日期有所延迟,其余植被类型均呈现提前趋势。而所有植被类型的生长季结束日期均发生提前的趋势,因此也导致了所有的植被类型的生长季长度均缩短的趋势。(5)整体而言1982-2015年期间,温度对植被的物候参数影响比降水强烈,当温度升高时会促使SOS提前,EOS延迟;降水增多会导致SOS延迟,EOS推后。纬度较高或海拔较高地区植被的SOS对温度更敏感,降水对植被生长作用不明显,但秋季和冬季降水对植被生长发挥了较强的抑制作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the trend of global warming is becoming more and more severe. A series of environmental events caused by climate change have also become an important problem to be solved in the sustainable development of human society. Vegetation through photosynthesis, surface reflectance and roughness adjust the energy conversion in the biosphere layer, carbon cycle and climate change. From different space, time scale Understanding the relationship between vegetation change and climate variables can not only reveal the response mechanism of vegetation to climate change, but also predict the future growth trend of vegetation. Based on the meteorological data of Hubei Province in the last 34 years in Hubei Province, the spatio-temporal change trend of the climate in the last 34 years is analyzed, and the long time series of GIMMS NDVI3g remote sensing data are combined. Under the background of global warming, the temporal variation and spatial distribution of NDVI in the last 34 years in Hubei Province, and the inversion of the surface phenology parameters by time series harmonic analysis under the GIS and Matlab platform, and the quantitative description of the whole vegetation and different vegetation types in Hubei Province Based on the Sen trend method and the MK test method. The spatio-temporal evolution law of the surface phenological parameters is further discussed in the study area. The interaction relationship between the surface vegetation cover NDVI and the surface phenology parameters and the main climatic factors in the study area is further explored. To explore the spatio-temporal coupling relationship between the vegetation cover and the climate change in Hubei is beneficial to fully understand the climate change to the local vegetation dynamics. The influence of the change provides a favorable scientific basis for the use and protection of local natural resources, and also plays an important guiding role in enhancing the ability to adapt and mitigate climate change. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the average temperature of Hubei province has been increasing gradually in the period of 1982-2015 years, in the middle of Hubei, the South and the Hubei Province. The trend of temperature increase in Northeast China is obviously faster than that in other regions. The annual average precipitation in Hubei province shows a trend of decreasing gradually. Only Zhuxi County in Western Hubei Province, Zhushan County and Jingzhou city of Southern Hubei Province are rising. (2) the spatial distribution of NDVI in Hubei Province in the 1982-2015 years is gradually increasing from east to west, and the total vegetation of the province in the province is NDVI The trend of body change is mainly increasing, but the rate of NDVI rising in 80,90's period is relatively low. In the three quarter of spring, summer and autumn, the whole NDVI was increased, and the NDVI showed a downward trend in winter. In terms of different vegetation types, the growth of shrubs and bushes was the most significant. (3) from the whole study area, the annual average NDVI and the temperature Cheng Zhengxiang The correlation is negatively correlated with annual precipitation, and the correlation between NDVI and temperature in spring, summer, autumn and winter is significantly higher than that of precipitation. The annual average NDVI of all vegetation types in the study area is positively correlated with the temperature, only coniferous forests and shrubs are positively related to precipitation, and the other vegetation types are all with precipitation. (4) the average growth season start time of vegetation in Hubei province is 109th days, the end date of growth season is 286th days, and the length of growth season is 177 days. In the change of phenological parameters of different vegetation types, only the beginning date of growing season of the marsh vegetation is delayed, and the other vegetation types show the advance trend. The growing season end date of all vegetation types had an early trend, which led to the trend of shortening the growth of all vegetation types. (5) as a whole, during the 1982-2015 year period, temperature had a stronger influence on the phenological parameters of vegetation than that of precipitation. When the temperature increased, SOS would advance SOS and EOS delay; the increase of precipitation would lead to SO. The S delay, EOS push. High latitude or high elevation area of vegetation SOS are more sensitive to temperature, precipitation on the vegetation growth effect is not obvious, but the autumn and winter precipitation on vegetation growth play a strong inhibitory effect.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q948.1

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