2014年春季黄海浮游植物群落特征及与环境因子的关系

发布时间：2018-07-16 19:05

【摘要】：于2014年4月28日～5月18日在中国黄海(120.99°～125.16°E,31.20°-39.23°N)海域对40个站位采集浮游植物样品,共计173个样品,采用Utermohl方法对样品进行了浮游植物种类鉴定分析,鉴定出7门81属185种浮游植物种类(包括未定种、未定名种及变种)。浮游植物细胞丰度垂直分布,以表层和次表层最高。平面分布特点是近岸高于外海。表层浮游植物细胞丰度介于2.011 × 103-36162.634 × 103cells/L,平均丰度为2118.732 X 103cells/L,蓝藻细胞丰度介于0.001 X 103 ～25004.745 ×103cells/L,平均为1346.160 ×103cells/L;硅藻细胞丰度介于0.539× 103～14931.396 ×103cells/L,平均为430.669 ×103cells/L;甲藻细胞丰度介于0.0524X103～58.248 ×103cells/L,平均为8.142 ×103cells/L;隐藻细胞丰度介于0.001 × 103-42.264 ×103cells/L,平均为7.781 ×103cells/L。硅藻和蓝藻共同刻画了黄海表层的细胞丰度高值区,分别出现在朝鲜半岛西侧和辽南-西朝鲜湾沿岸区域。浮游植物主要优势物种为新月柱鞘藻(Cylindrotheca closterium)、派氏集胞藻(Synechocystispevalekii)、尖尾蓝隐藻(Chroomonas acuta) 、具槽帕拉藻(Paralia sulcatd)、太平洋海链藻(Thalassiosira pacifica)和米氏凯伦藻(Karenia mikimotoi)等。结合调查海区的温盐及深度使用环境因子对黄海进行了海区划分,另使用多元统计方法,如多维定标分析(MDS)和聚类分析(cluster analysis)就生物因子对海区进行了分区。两种分区方法结果大致相似,可将黄海分为5个区域。P-Ⅰ区代表北黄海辽南沿岸的站位,浮游植物细胞丰度介于35419.815 × 103～36162.634 X 103cells/L,平均为35791.225 X103cells/L,其中占总浮游植物生物量99.84%的是蓝藻,优势种为派氏集胞藻；P-Ⅱ区代表黄海西海岸由鲁北至苏北的近岸站位,浮游植物总细胞丰度介于2.007 × 10～48.230 X 103cells/L,平均为23.87×103cell/L,占总浮游植物生物量63.69%的是硅藻,优势种为太平洋海链藻;P-Ⅲ区代表长江冲淡水水域,浮游植物总细胞丰度介于10.110 × 103-37.306× 103cells/L,平均为23.708 × 103cells/L,其中占总浮游植物生物量73.14%的是硅藻,优势种为中肋骨条藻(Skeletonemacf. costatum); P-IV区代表受黄海暖流影响区域,浮游植物总细胞丰度介于5.750 × 103-82.071 X 103cells/L,平均为27.293 ×103cells/L,其中占总浮游植物生物量64.17%的是硅藻,优势种为太平洋海链藻；P-V区代表北黄海的冷水团水域,浮游植物总细胞丰度介于41.302 × 103～8912.301 × 103cells/L,平均为1763.332×103cells/L,其中占总浮游植物生物量89.96%的是硅藻,优势种为新月柱鞘藻；断面分布上,浮游植物细胞丰度高值多集中在近岸表层及黄海暖流流经区域表层。表层浮游植物群落的香农-威纳(Shannon-Wiener)多样性指数介于0.009～3.984,平均值为1.889；Pielou均匀度指数介于0.002～0.946之间,平均值为0.493。总体看来,辽东半岛南部、鲁北-成山角海区、朝鲜半岛西测及苏北沿岸区的浮游植物群落结构异质性很高。对浮游植物群落与环境要素间进行典范对应分析(CCA),获得了优势种与环境因子关系的双序图,影响浮游植物分布的主要环境因子依次是硝酸盐、温度和盐度。
[Abstract]:From April 28, 2014 to May 18th, phytoplankton samples were collected from 40 stations in the Yellow Sea, China (120.99 to 125.16 degrees E, 31.20 -39.23 / N). A total of 173 samples were collected. The species of phytoplankton were identified by Utermohl method, and 185 species of phytoplankton (including undetermined species, unnamed species and varieties) were identified. The abundance of phytoplankton is the highest in the surface and subsurface. The plane distribution is higher than the outer sea. The surface phytoplankton abundance is 2.011 x 103-36162.634 x 103cells/L, the average abundance is 2118.732 X 103cells/L, and the abundances of cyanobacteria are between 0.001 X 103 ~ 25004.745 x 103cells/L, and the average is 1346.160 x 1. 03cells/L; the abundance of diatom cells was 0.539 x 103 ~ 14931.396 x 103cells/L, with an average of 430.669 x 103cells/L, and the abundances of diatom were between 0.0524X103 to 58.248 x 103cells/L and 8.142 x 103cells/L, and the abundance of cryptoalgae was 0.001 * 103-42.264 x 103cells/L, and the average of 7.781 x 103cells/L. diatom and cyanobacteria were depicted together. The high value area of cell abundance in the surface of the Yellow Sea is found in the western side of the Korean Peninsula and the coastal region of the South West Korea Bay, respectively. The dominant species of phytoplankton are Cylindrotheca closterium, Synechocystispevalekii, Chroomonas acuta, Paralia sulcatd, and Taiping. The marine algae (Thalassiosira Pacifica) and Karen alga (Karenia mikimotoi) are divided into the sea area of the Yellow Sea in combination with the sea area's temperature and salt and the deep use of environmental factors. In addition, the multivariate statistical methods, such as multidimensional scaling analysis (MDS) and cluster analysis (cluster analysis), are used to divide the sea area into two subregions. The results of the area method are roughly similar, and the Yellow Sea can be divided into 5 regions, which represent the.P- I region of the north the Yellow Sea coast. The abundance of phytoplankton is between 35419.815 x 103 to 36162.634 X 103cells/L and 35791.225 X103cells/L, which accounts for the total phytoplankton biomass of cyanobacteria, the dominant species is ppl; P- II zone generation. The total cell abundance of phytoplankton is between 2.007 x 10 ~ 48.230 X 103cells/L, averaging 23.87 x 103cell/L, and 63.69% of the total phytoplankton biomass is diatom, the dominant species is the Pacific Sea chain algae, and the P- III region represents the freshwater waters of the Yangtze River, and the total cell abundance of phytoplankton is 10.110. 103-37.306 * 103cells/L, with an average of 23.708 x 103cells/L, and 73.14% of the total phytoplankton biomass is diatom, the dominant species is Skeletonemacf. costatum, and the representative of the P-IV region is affected by the the Yellow Sea warm current, and the total cell abundance of phytoplankton is between 5.750 * 103-82.071 X 103cells/L and an average of 27.293 x 103cells/L. Of which 64.17% of the total phytoplankton biomass is diatom, the dominant species is the Pacific Sea chain algae, the P-V area represents the cold water mass of north the Yellow Sea, the total cell abundance of phytoplankton is between 41.302 x 103 ~ 8912.301 x 103cells/L, and the average is 1763.332 x 103cells/L. The total phytoplankton biomass is diatom, and the dominant species is crescent. In the section distribution, the abundance of phytoplankton abundance was concentrated in the near shore surface and the Yellow Sea warm current flow through the surface of the region. The Shannon - Wiener (Shannon-Wiener) diversity index of the surface phytoplankton community was between 0.009 and 3.984, with an average value of 1.889, and the mean value of Pielou evenness was between 0.002 and 0.946, and the average value was 0.493. overall. It seems that the phytoplankton community structure of the North Korean Peninsula and the northern coast of Liaodong is very high. The model correspondence analysis (CCA) between phytoplankton community and environmental factors has been carried out, and a double sequence diagram of the relationship between dominant species and environmental factors is obtained, and the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of phytoplankton are dependent on the environmental factors. The second is the nitrate, the temperature and the salinity.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：Q948.8

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