准南喀拉扎背斜侏罗系油砂特征及资源潜力评价

发布时间:2018-08-07 12:32
【摘要】:我国西北地区油砂资源丰富,勘探开发程度不均衡,就目前掌握的勘探情况来看,在准噶尔盆地西北缘,吐哈盆地七克台地区,柴达木盆地鱼卡、油砂山、干柴沟等地区的油砂资源勘探工作较为深入,其中,准噶尔盆地西北缘乌尔禾地区、酒西盆地石油沟地区和吐哈盆地七克台地区已经进入了油砂资源的开发阶段。相对而言,准噶尔盆地的南缘地区针对油砂这一非常规油气资源的勘探开发程度比较低。本论文的数据和内容研究基础来自于《我国重点地区油砂资源调查与评价》项目,由中国地质调查局油气资源调查中心资助。首先,对研究区进行了野外地质调查和油砂露头的剖面实测以及油砂科探井喀油砂1井的岩心资料编录,对研究区油砂资源的分布和地质特征进行了明确;然后,利用研究区野外获取的岩石样品进行室内薄片、铸体薄片和扫描电镜的观察,结合前人研究资料,对研究区油砂储层的岩石学特征、储集空间特征和物性特征等进行论证分析,通过粒度分析的手段,识别研究区的沉积相;之后,结合研究区油砂储层的含油率和油砂的地球化学和同位素测试数据,对研究区油砂所遭遇的降解作用和降解程度进行分析评价;最后,根据研究推断出的研究区油砂资源的分布特征、地质特征和降解特征,油砂储层的岩石学特征、储集空间特征和物性特征,分析研究区油砂矿藏的成藏控制因素,进一步建立研究区油砂矿藏的成藏模式,计算研究区油砂资源储量,评价研究区的油砂资源潜力。研究区油砂储层主要分布于侏罗系三工河组、头屯河组地层,在背斜核部和南北两翼皆有出露,三工河组油砂储层主要出露于背斜核部,岩性主要为灰白色细粉砂岩;头屯河组储层在背斜南北两翼皆有出露,岩性主要为黄褐色中粗砂岩。研究区油砂储层的储集空间类型多属于次生孔隙,储层物性等级由低孔低渗到高孔高渗不等,头屯河组储层物性略优于三工河组储层。就沉积相而言,研究区三工河组地层沉积相初步推断为湖泊相浅湖亚相,头屯河组地层以曲流河沉积体系为主,油砂储层的沉积相主要为牛轭湖亚相以及河床亚相的河床滞留沉积和边滩沉积。油砂地化测试分析显示,研究区侏罗系油砂资源主要是高等植物的产物,萜烷和甾烷种类和构型都仅剩抗氧化能力最强的种类和构型,反应研究区侏罗系油砂遭受严重的降解作用。研究区侏罗系油砂成藏控制因素:1、有利的烃源岩类型;2、物性良好的储集空间;3、益于成藏的构造活动。成藏类型属于构造抬升型,与研究区构造演化密切相关。根据喀油砂1井揭示油砂地层,预测研究区头屯河组预测油砂总资源量为5053.23×104t,油砂资源潜力较大,需要进一步勘查和研究。
[Abstract]:There are abundant oil sand resources and uneven exploration and development in Northwest China. From the view of the exploration situation at present, in the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin, Qiketai area in Turpan-Hami Basin, Yuka in Qaidam Basin, oil sand mountain in Qaidam Basin, The exploration work of oil sand resources in Ganchaigou and other areas is relatively deep. Among them, Wuerhe area on the northwest margin of Junggar basin, Yuegou area of Jiuxi basin and Qiketai area of Turpan-Hami basin have entered the stage of exploitation of oil sand resources. Relatively speaking, the degree of exploration and development of oil sands, an unconventional oil and gas resource, is relatively low in the southern margin of Junggar Basin. The data and content of this paper are based on the project "investigation and Evaluation of Oil Sand Resources in key areas of China", which is funded by the Oil and Gas Resources Survey Center of China Geological Survey. First of all, the field geological survey and the profile measurement of oil sand outcrop in the study area are carried out, and the core data of the oil sand well Ka-Shao 1 in the oil sand exploration well are recorded. The distribution and geological characteristics of oil sand resources in the study area are clarified. Using the rock samples obtained in the field of the study area for the observation of indoor sheet, cast slice and scanning electron microscope, combined with the previous research data, the petrological characteristics, reservoir space characteristics and physical properties of oil sand reservoir in the study area were demonstrated and analyzed. The sedimentary facies of the study area are identified by means of particle size analysis, and then the oil content of the oil sand reservoir and the geochemical and isotopic test data of the oil sand in the study area are combined. The degradation process and degradation degree of oil sands in the study area are analyzed and evaluated. Finally, the distribution, geological and degradation characteristics of oil sand resources, petrological characteristics of oil sand reservoir are deduced from the study. The characteristics of reservoir space and physical properties, the controlling factors of reservoir formation of oil sand deposits in the study area are analyzed, the reservoir forming model of oil sand deposits in the study area is further established, the reserves of oil sand resources in the study area are calculated, and the potential of oil sand resources in the study area is evaluated. In the study area, the oil sand reservoirs are mainly distributed in the Jurassic Sangonghe formation and the Toutunhe formation, which are exposed in both the anticline core and the north and south flanks. The oil sand reservoirs of the Sangonghe formation are mainly exposed to the anticline core, and the lithology is mainly grayish-white siltstone. The reservoirs of Toutunhe formation are exposed on the north and south flanks of the anticline, and the lithology is mainly yellowish brown medium coarse sandstone. The reservoir space types of oil sand reservoirs in the study area are mostly secondary pores, the physical properties of reservoirs vary from low porosity and low permeability to high porosity and high permeability, and the physical properties of Toutunhe formation reservoir are slightly better than that of Sangonghe formation reservoir. In terms of sedimentary facies, the stratigraphic sedimentary facies of Sangonghe formation in the study area are preliminarily inferred as lacustrine shallow lacustrine subfacies, while the Toutunhe formation is dominated by meandering stream sedimentary system. The sedimentary facies of oil sand reservoir are mainly Niuyong Lake subfacies, riverbed retention deposits and beach deposits of river bed subfacies. The geochemical analysis of oil sands showed that the Jurassic oil sand resources in the study area were mainly the products of higher plants, and the species and configurations of terpene and sterane were only the ones with the strongest antioxidant capacity. Jurassic oil sands have been severely degraded in the reaction study area. In the study area, the controlling factor of Jurassic oil sand accumulation is 1: 1, the favorable source rock type is 2, and the reservoir space with good physical properties is 3, which is beneficial to the structural activity of reservoir formation. The reservoir forming type belongs to the tectonic uplift type and is closely related to the tectonic evolution of the study area. According to the oil sand formation revealed in well 1 of kha oil sand, the total resource quantity of oil sand predicted by Toutunhe formation in the prediction research area is 5053.23 脳 10 ~ 4 t, and the potential of oil sand resource is great, which needs further exploration and study.
【学位授予单位】:吉林大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:P618.13

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