基于光电池阵列传感器和差压传感器的小管道气液两相流参数测量研究

发布时间：2018-11-25 13:38

【摘要】：气液两相流广泛地存在于石油、化工等工业生产过程中。近年来,小型化成为工业设备的一个重要发展方向,小管道下的气液两相流参数检测成为两相流领域研究的新热点。但是,目前小管道气液两相流相关参数的检测技术研究仍处在起步阶段,现有的检测方法通常是借鉴常规管道下的测量方法,急需进行进一步的研究。因此,进行小管道气液两相流的参数测量研究具有重要的科研意义与工程应用价值。本学位论文以小管道气液两相流为研究对象,利用光电池阵列传感器和差压传感器对小管道气液两相流的流型识别和相含率测量方法进行了研究,主要工作和创新点如下:1.设计并搭建了基于光电池阵列传感器和差压传感器的小管道气液两相流参数测量装置。设计了适用于小管道的差压信号采集系统;对已有的光电池阵列传感器进行了优化设计;并分别在内径为2.12mm、3.01mm和4.03mm的小管道内进行了气液两相流实验研究。2.提出了基于光电池信号和差压信号信息融合的小管道气液两相流流型识别方法。该方法首先对所采集到的不同流型下的光电池信号和差压信号进行分析,分别提取信号特征并构成相应的特征向量;然后,利用最小二乘支持向量机分别建立基于光电池信号和差压信号的两种流型识别模型并进行流型识别;最后,利用D-S证据理论对基于光电池信号和差压信号的流型识别结果进行决策层信息融合,得到最终的流型识别结果。利用所提出的方法对三种不同内径小管道下的气液两相流进行流型识别实验(实验中观察到的流型有:泡状流、段塞流、波状流和环状流),结果表明,相比于基于单个传感器信号的流型识别,整体识别的准确率有所提高,达到91%以上。3.利用光电池信号,提出了一种基于流型的小管道气液两相流相含率测量方法。首先,针对每一种流型,利用光电池信号,结合最小二乘支持向量机建立相应的相含率测量模型;其次,根据本文提出的流型识别方法得到小管道气液两相流流型识别结果,选择相应流型下的相含率测量模型实现相含率的测量。对三种不同内径的小管道内的气液两相流进行了相含率测量实验,结果表明,相含率测量整体绝对误差均在8%以内,利用本文所提出的方法对小管道气液两相流的相含率进行测量是可行的。本文在信息融合的框架下,结合差压传感器和优化后的光电池阵列传感器,实现了小管道气液两相流流型的识别和相含率的测量,为小管道气液两相流的参数测量提供了一定的借鉴。
[Abstract]:Gas-liquid two-phase flow widely exists in petroleum, chemical and other industrial processes. In recent years, miniaturization has become an important development direction of industrial equipment, and the detection of gas-liquid two-phase flow parameters in small pipelines has become a new research hotspot in the field of two-phase flow. However, at present, the detection technology of gas-liquid two-phase flow parameters in small pipeline is still in its infancy, and the existing detection methods are usually used for reference under the conventional pipeline, so it is urgent to carry out further research. Therefore, the parameter measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow in small pipeline has important scientific research significance and engineering application value. In this dissertation, the flow pattern identification and phase holdup measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow in small pipeline are studied by using photocell array sensor and differential pressure sensor. The main work and innovation are as follows: 1. Based on the photocell array sensor and differential pressure sensor, a measuring device of gas and liquid two phase flow parameters in small pipeline is designed and built. The differential pressure signal acquisition system suitable for small pipeline is designed, the existing photocell array sensor is optimized, and the gas-liquid two-phase flow experimental research is carried out in the small pipe with the inner diameter of 2.12mm ~ 3.01mm and 4.03mm respectively. 2. A flow pattern identification method for gas-liquid two-phase flow in a small pipeline based on the fusion of photocell signal and differential pressure signal is proposed. In this method, the photovoltaic signals and differential pressure signals collected under different flow patterns are analyzed, and the characteristics of the signals are extracted and the corresponding feature vectors are constructed. Then, two kinds of flow pattern recognition models based on photovoltaic signal and differential pressure signal are established by using least square support vector machine (LS-SVM), and flow pattern identification is carried out. Finally, using D-S evidence theory, the flow pattern recognition results based on photovoltaic signal and differential pressure signal are fused to obtain the final flow pattern identification results. Using the proposed method, the flow pattern identification experiment is carried out for three kinds of gas-liquid two-phase flow in three different inner diameter small pipes. The experimental results show that the flow patterns are bubble flow, slug flow, wave-like flow and annular flow, and the results show that the flow patterns are: bubbly flow, slug flow, wave-like flow and annular flow. Compared with the flow pattern recognition based on single sensor signal, the accuracy of the whole recognition is improved to over 91%. Based on the photocell signal, a method for measuring the phase holdup of gas-liquid two-phase flow in a small pipeline is proposed. Firstly, a phase holdup measurement model based on least square support vector machine (LS-SVM) and photocell signal is established for each flow pattern. Secondly, according to the flow pattern identification method proposed in this paper, the gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern identification results are obtained, and the phase holdup measurement model under the corresponding flow pattern is selected to realize the phase holdup measurement. The phase holdup of gas-liquid two-phase flow in three kinds of small pipes with different internal diameters is measured. The results show that the total absolute error of phase holdup measurement is less than 8%. It is feasible to measure the phase holdup of gas-liquid two-phase flow in small pipeline by using the method proposed in this paper. In the framework of information fusion, the differential pressure sensor and the optimized photocell array sensor are combined to realize the identification of flow pattern and the measurement of phase holdup of gas-liquid two-phase flow in small pipeline. It provides a reference for the parameter measurement of gas-liquid two-phase flow in small pipeline.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212;O359.1

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