LEO-LEO掩星事件若干特性仿真研究

发布时间：2019-04-07 19:37

【摘要】：近年来,GNSS-LEO无线电掩星探测技术凭借能够有效的探测中性大气和电离层的多种参数信息的优势,作为二十一世纪最先进的空间探测技术之一迅速发展起来。然而GNSS-LEO掩星技术反演地球大气低层水汽时存在水汽模糊现象,为解决这一问题,LEO-LEO掩星探测技术应运而生,并具有全天候、探测范围大、高精度、高垂直分辨率等优点,受到了国内过众多科研机构和学者的重视。为了进一步推动我国LEO-LEO掩星探测技术的发展,本文围绕LEO-LEO掩星事件的若干特性进行了仿真,通过设定LEO卫星的轨道高度、倾角、升交点赤经和近地点角距等轨道参数,分析了卫星轨道参数对掩星事件数量、分布、持续时间、切点水平漂移和卫星间相对角速度等特性的影响和规律。综合国内外对LEO-LEO掩星事件数量和分布的模拟研究与本文对LEO-LEO掩星事件特性的仿真分析,为LEO-LEO掩星探测过程中卫星能源消耗、掩星数据量存储以及卫星接收天线有效捕获掩星信号等问题的解决提供了参考依据。给出了LEO-LEO掩星轨道设计以及LEO卫星发射机、接收机设计的建议:1.首先根据探测区域的需求,确定卫星轨道倾角,且尽可能接近互补,全球探测的掩星星座,卫星轨道倾角应都在90°附近,中纬度探测的掩星星座,发射卫星(或接收卫星)的轨道倾角应分布在45°~60°范围,低纬度探测的掩星星座,发射卫星(或接收卫星)的轨道倾角应在30°左右;2.接着确定卫星的升交点赤经,使两者之差在150°~210°范围内,这样兼顾掩星数量多、水平漂移小、持续时间短的需求;3.确定卫星轨道高度,使两卫星轨道高度接近相同,这样可以满足掩星数量多、水平漂移小、持续时间短的需求;4.设计LEO-LEO掩星天线时,天线水平方向最大转动角速度需能达到0.14°/s,俯仰方向最大转动角速度需能达到0.078°/s.本文还分析了一个LEO-LEO掩星星座个例,通过仿真数据对LEO-LEO掩星星座中掩星事件的数量、地理分布、持续时间、切点水平漂移和卫星间相对角速度的情况进行了统计分析,分析结果符合两颗LEO卫星进行掩星探测时的特性规律。
[Abstract]:In recent years, GNSS-LEO radio occultation technology has been developed rapidly as one of the most advanced space exploration techniques in the 21 century, because it can effectively detect the multi-parameter information of neutral atmosphere and ionosphere. In order to solve this problem, LEO-LEO occultation technology has emerged as the times require, and it has all-weather, large detection range and high precision, but the GNSS-LEO occultation technology has the phenomenon of water vapor ambiguity when retrieving the low-level water vapor in the Earth's atmosphere. The advantages of high vertical resolution have been paid more and more attention by many domestic scientific research institutions and scholars. In order to further promote the development of LEO-LEO occultation detection technology in China, some characteristics of LEO-LEO occultation events are simulated in this paper. The orbital parameters such as orbit height, inclination angle, ascending point of intersection, and perigee angle distance of LEO satellite are set. The effects of satellite orbit parameters on the characteristics of occultation events, such as number, distribution, duration, horizontal drift of tangential point and relative angular velocity between satellites, are analyzed. Based on the simulation of the number and distribution of LEO-LEO occultation events at home and abroad and the simulation analysis of the characteristics of LEO-LEO occultation events in this paper, the energy consumption of satellites in the process of LEO-LEO occultation detection is analyzed. The data storage of occultation and the effective acquisition of occultation signal by satellite receiving antenna provide reference basis. The design of LEO-LEO occultation orbit and the design of LEO transmitter and receiver are given. First of all, according to the needs of the detection region, determine the orbit inclination of the satellite, and as close as possible to complementary, the occultation constellation of the global survey, the inclination angle of the satellite orbit should all be around 90 掳, the occultation constellation of the mid-latitude detection should be all. The orbital inclination of the launching satellite (or receiving satellite) should be in the range of 45 掳~ 60 掳, and the orbital inclination of the launching satellite (or receiving satellite) should be about 30 掳for the occultation constellation detected at low latitudes. 2. Then determine the ascending point of the satellite right longitude, so that the difference between the two in the range of 150 掳~ 210 掳, so as to take into account the number of occultation, small horizontal drift, short duration requirements; 3. Determine the orbital altitude of the two satellites, so that the orbital altitude of the two satellites is close to the same, which can meet the requirements of large number of occultation, small horizontal drift and short duration; 4. When designing LEO-LEO occultation antenna, the maximum rotation angular velocity in horizontal direction and pitch direction should be up to 0.14 掳/ s and 0.078 掳/ s respectively. An example of a LEO-LEO occultation constellation is also analyzed in this paper. The number, geographical distribution, duration, tangent horizontal drift and relative angular velocity of the occultation events in the LEO-LEO occultation constellation are statistically analyzed by simulation data. The analysis results are consistent with the characteristics of two LEO satellites in occultation detection.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院大学(中国科学院国家空间科学中心)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P405

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