缨翅目昆虫比较线粒体基因组学研究
发布时间：2019-06-26 08:18
【摘要】：缨翅目昆虫俗称蓟马,在世界范围内广泛分布。一些植食性种类可对农作物造成直接危害,或传播植物病毒,如世界性检疫害虫西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis,是农业生产的严重威胁。缨翅目包含2亚目8科约700属近6000种,目前仅有蓟马科内的6种线粒体全基因组完成测定,其线粒体基因组的进化速率和基因重排程度均显著高于大多数昆虫,仅次于虱目昆虫;其中茶黄硬蓟马Scirtothrips dorsalis的南亚种群1(SA1)还发现了线粒体基因组的裂化现象。为进一步研究缨翅目线粒体基因组结构的多样性和进化规律,本研究通过PCR扩增和高通量测序方法测定2亚目3科4属4种蓟马的线粒体基因组全序列,这4种蓟马分别是玉米黄呆蓟马Anaphothrips obscurus、美洲棘蓟马Echinothrips amerianus、带纹蓟马Desmothrips sp.和面灵蓟马Idolothrips spectrum。结合GenBank公布数据,本研究对缨翅目内3科9个种的线粒体基因组进行了比较基因组学与系统进化分析,结果表明:(1)缨翅目线粒体基因组的大小在14.6 kb-15.7kb,主要由不同物种线粒体基因组非编码区(控制区)的数量和长度的差异导致;普遍具有较高的AT含量,在74.8-92.5%范围内。(2)缨翅目线粒体基因组裂化现象不具有普遍性,仅在茶黄硬蓟马SA1中发现线粒体基因组裂化为2个环状基因组,其余测定的蓟马线粒体基因组均为单环,包含37个编码基因。(3)缨翅目线粒体基因组的基因排列方式多样,每个测序的物种都发生了高度的基因重排并具有自己独特的基因排列方式,同属的不同物种间的基因排列方式都存在差异;与节肢动物的祖先基因排列方式相比,蓟马线粒体基因组中只发现了2个保守的基因簇(ATP8-ATP6和ND5-tRNAHis-ND4-ND4L),且各物种基因排序与节肢动物祖先基因排序的断点距离(breakpoints)在27-33之间,可见该类昆虫线粒体基因重排程度之高。(4)缨翅目线粒体基因组的基因重排程度的差异性与物种间的亲缘关系存在联系。亲缘关系越远的物种之间,基因重排的差异程度越高,如管尾亚目与锯尾亚目物种间基因排序的断点距离为29-34,锯尾亚目科间物种基因排序的断点距离为22-28,蓟马科内属间物种基因排序的断点距离为9-25,而花蓟马属内物种基因排序的断点距离为5。本研究补充了 4种蓟马的线粒体全基因组的数据,对缨翅目线粒体基因组从大小,组成和结构方面进行了比较分析,重建并验证了此前缨翅目内的系统发育关系,对于缨翅目线粒体基因组的进化的理解提供新的思路。
[Abstract]:Tassel insects, commonly known as thrips, are widely distributed all over the world. Some phytophagous species can cause direct harm to crops or spread plant viruses, such as Frankliniella occidentalis, a worldwide quarantine pest, is a serious threat to agricultural production. Tasseloptera contains nearly 6000 species belonging to 700 families and 2 suborders. At present, only 6 species of mtDNA in thrips have been determined, and the evolution rate and gene rearrangement degree of mtDNA are significantly higher than those of most insects, second only to lice insects, and the cracking phenomenon of mtDNA was also found in South Asia population 1 (SA1) of Scirtothrips dorsalis. In order to further study the diversity and evolution of mitochondrial genome structure, the complete mtDNA sequence of 4 species of thrips belonging to 4 genus and 3 families of 2 suborders was determined by PCR amplification and high throughput sequencing. These four thrips are Anaphothrips obscurus, American thrips Echinothrips amerianus, striped thrips sp.. And noodle thrips Idolothrips spectrum. Based on the data published by GenBank, the comparative genomes and phylogenetic analysis of mtDNA of 3 families and 9 species were carried out in this study. The results showed that: (1) the size of mtDNA in 14.6 kb-15.7kb, was mainly caused by the difference of the number and length of noncoding regions (control regions) of mtDNA in different species; The content of AT was generally high, in the range of 74.8 鈮，
本文编号：2506052
[Abstract]:Tassel insects, commonly known as thrips, are widely distributed all over the world. Some phytophagous species can cause direct harm to crops or spread plant viruses, such as Frankliniella occidentalis, a worldwide quarantine pest, is a serious threat to agricultural production. Tasseloptera contains nearly 6000 species belonging to 700 families and 2 suborders. At present, only 6 species of mtDNA in thrips have been determined, and the evolution rate and gene rearrangement degree of mtDNA are significantly higher than those of most insects, second only to lice insects, and the cracking phenomenon of mtDNA was also found in South Asia population 1 (SA1) of Scirtothrips dorsalis. In order to further study the diversity and evolution of mitochondrial genome structure, the complete mtDNA sequence of 4 species of thrips belonging to 4 genus and 3 families of 2 suborders was determined by PCR amplification and high throughput sequencing. These four thrips are Anaphothrips obscurus, American thrips Echinothrips amerianus, striped thrips sp.. And noodle thrips Idolothrips spectrum. Based on the data published by GenBank, the comparative genomes and phylogenetic analysis of mtDNA of 3 families and 9 species were carried out in this study. The results showed that: (1) the size of mtDNA in 14.6 kb-15.7kb, was mainly caused by the difference of the number and length of noncoding regions (control regions) of mtDNA in different species; The content of AT was generally high, in the range of 74.8 鈮，
本文编号：2506052
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/shoufeilunwen/benkebiyelunwen/2506052.html
