创业者政治技能对创业资源获取的影响

发布时间：2018-06-16 14:16

  本文选题：创业者 + 政治　； 参考：《大连理工大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：创业资源获取是创业者面临的挑战之一,这使得创业者不得不从外部利益相关者(如投资人、风险投资者、金融机构、供应商以及其他利益相关者)获取大量资源。现有研究已经提出创业者寻求外部资源的实践方法和理论框架。其中,值得注意的方法包括社会网络、制度连接、创业故事法、信号质量等。然而,这些以不同方式决定创业资源获取过程的方法已经开始受到学者们的质疑。为了弥补这些方法的缺陷,学者们呼吁未来研究验证个体层面特质和行为能力对创业者获取外部资源的影响。因此,本研究验证创业者政治技能和创业者能力与外部资源获取的关系,探究创业者政治技能提升创业资源获取能力的内在机制。已有研究未能清晰描述政治技能在组织情境下或非组织情境中的运行机制。为此,本研究探查不同文化背景下(中国和坦桑尼亚)创业者政治技能对外部资源获取的不同影响。为达到以上目标,本研究根据理论推导和实践证据提出研究假设,文献回顾部分为假设提出提供丰富的理论和实践基础。本研究在中国和坦桑尼亚共收集463份创业者样本,其中281份来自坦桑尼亚的六个地区,包括姆万扎、摩洛哥莫、达雷斯萨达姆、马腊、阿鲁沙、滨海；182份是来自中国安徽省的调研数据。坦桑尼亚和中国的创业者调研数据均采用相似的调研工具和测量量表,并且这些调研工具和测量量表在现有西方和非西方情境研究中已经广泛应用和验证。本研究采用多种分析和统计过程验证收集数据的效度水平。研究结果表明,在概念层面上,创业者政治技能与资源获取正相关；政治技能的维度分析显示,创业者网络能力和社交机敏性能够显著影响创业企业的资源获取能力,而创业者人际影响和外显真诚维度对资源获取不具有显著的预测力。此外,研究结果还表明,在创业者政治技能通过三种印象管理行为(逢迎、模范和组织晋升)间接影响创业资源获取,但是在维度上,仅恳求行为具有间接影响。政治技能通过人际关系影响资源获取的间接效应不显著。最后,研究发现,中坦创业者政治技能对创业资源获取具有不同的作用,中国创业者政治技能对于资源获取的影响略强于坦桑尼亚创业者。本研究的研究结果和发现对于理论和实践具有重要意义。理论上,拓展了学者们对于政治技能对关键创业要素(如资源获取)的积极作用的有效理解。同时,本研究强调政治技能对创业者与利益相关者互动的影响,这跳出了组织情境的研究背景。此外,本研究还揭示政治技能影响资源获取的内在机制。实践上,研究发现为创业者、创业企业、资源提供者以及从业者提供创业资源获取知识储备。研究的结论,指明未来潜在的研究领域,对于创业研究和创业实践具有重要的指导意义。
[Abstract]:Entrepreneurial resource acquisition is one of the challenges faced by entrepreneurs, which makes entrepreneurs have to obtain a large amount of resources from external stakeholders (such as investors, venture capitalists, financial institutions, suppliers and other stakeholders). The existing research has put forward the practical methods and theoretical framework for entrepreneurs to seek external resources. Among them, notable methods include social network, institutional connection, entrepreneurship story, signal quality and so on. However, these different ways to determine the process of access to entrepreneurial resources have begun to be questioned by scholars. In order to remedy the shortcomings of these methods, scholars call for future research to verify the impact of individual characteristics and behavioral abilities on entrepreneurs' access to external resources. Therefore, this study verifies the relationship between entrepreneur's political skill and entrepreneur's ability and external resource acquisition, and probes into the internal mechanism of entrepreneur's political skill to enhance entrepreneurial resource acquisition ability. Previous studies have failed to clearly describe the operational mechanisms of political skills in organizational or non-organizational contexts. Therefore, this study explores the different influences of entrepreneurs' political skills on the acquisition of external resources in different cultural backgrounds (China and Tanzania). In order to achieve the above goal, this study puts forward research hypotheses based on theoretical derivation and practical evidence, and literature review provides abundant theoretical and practical basis for hypothesis. In this study, 463 entrepreneur samples were collected in China and Tanzania, of which 281 were from six regions of Tanzania, including Mwanza, Morocco, Mozambique, Dares Saddam, Mala, Arusha, Binhai; 182 are from China's Anhui Province. Similar research tools and measurement scales are used in both Tanzania and China, and these research tools and measurement scales have been widely used and validated in the existing western and non-western situational studies. The validity of the collected data was verified by a variety of analytical and statistical processes. The results show that, at the conceptual level, the political skills of entrepreneurs are positively related to the acquisition of resources, and the dimension analysis of political skills shows that the network ability and social agility of entrepreneurs can significantly affect the ability of resource acquisition of entrepreneurial enterprises. However, the interpersonal influence of entrepreneurs and the dimension of explicit sincerity have no significant predictive effect on the acquisition of resources. In addition, the results also show that the political skills of entrepreneurs indirectly affect the acquisition of entrepreneurial resources through three kinds of impression management behaviors (flattery, role model and organizational promotion), but in dimension, only soliciting behavior has indirect influence. The indirect effect of political skills on resource acquisition through interpersonal relationships is not significant. Finally, it is found that the political skills of entrepreneurs in China and Tanzania have different effects on the acquisition of entrepreneurial resources, and the influence of political skills of entrepreneurs in China on the acquisition of resources is slightly stronger than that on entrepreneurs in Tanzania. The results and findings of this study are of great significance to both theory and practice. Theoretically, it expands scholars' understanding of the positive role of political skills in key entrepreneurial elements, such as resource acquisition. At the same time, this study emphasizes the influence of political skills on the interaction between entrepreneurs and stakeholders, which goes beyond the background of organizational context. In addition, this study also reveals the internal mechanism of political skills influencing resource acquisition. In practice, the study found that entrepreneurs, entrepreneurial enterprises, resource providers and practitioners to provide entrepreneurial resources to acquire knowledge reserves. The conclusion of the research indicates the potential research field in the future, which has important guiding significance for entrepreneurial research and entrepreneurial practice.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F279.2;F279.425
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本文编号：2026974