新型农业经营主体农产品质量安全认证行为研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 19:43

本文选题：新型农业经营主体 + 质量安全认证　；参考：《浙江大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：标准体系认证已成为发达国家农产品质量安全治理的关键工具,农业标准化更是提升我国农产品质量安全、防治农业面源污染和落实农业供给侧改革的主要抓手；但由理论界和政府共同推动的农业标准化在我国市场机制不健全的情景下尚难发挥其应有的作用。本文借助食品质量安全管理体系的双层系统模型,构建了新型农业经营主体实施质量安全认证所面临内外部环境压力的分析框架；探寻我国新型农业经营主体实施质量安全认证行为背后的动力机制,尝试重新定位和完善我国农产品质量安全治理的市场激励机制。在浙江省11个地区55个县区1261个新型农业经营主体的标准化建设调查数据的基础之上,本研究利用解释组织技术采纳行为的技术组织环境(TOE)模型,纳入经营主体对内外部环境压力感知的度量,分析经营主体的质量安全认证实施决策、质量安全认证标准选择决策以及叠加认证决策三类行为；利用解释组织内部个体技术接受行为的技术接受模型(TAM),分析经营主体的生产性服务提供对于质量安全认证实施行为的影响；在此之后,利用均值分析和二元逻辑回归检验不同类型认证对于经营主体绩效的影响。研究发现：第一,新型农业经营主体的质量安全认证决策行为主要受来自经营主体内部动机和外部市场激励的驱动,以及市场障碍的约束；并受到经营主体的个体特征以及市场分布特征的影响。在经营主体质量安全认证标准的选择决策过程中,相对于无公害农产品认证,管理体系认证标准的选择主要受到标准特性的阻碍；绿色食品认证则受政府规制的驱动和市场障碍的影响明显；而有机食品认证则明显受市场激励的驱动。经营主体的质量安全叠加认证行为显然受到经营主体内部动机的驱动,但受到标准特性和人力资源局限的妨碍；而越是感受到政府规制压力的经营主体,越不可能实施质量安全叠加认证。第二,技术标准和技术规范提供、统一投入品采购和检测服务等生产性服务的提供确保了新型农业经营主体质量安全标准认证的落实。相对于无公害农产品认证而言,检测服务还显著正向影响了绿色食品认证的实现；但对于管理体系认证的实现而言,培训与指导服务更为重要。统一农产品销售、保护价收购和培训与指导三类服务显著负向影响着绿色食品认证的实现,从反向证明了这三类生产性服务对于无公害农产品认证实施的促动作用。第三.,无认证的标准化相对于绿色食品认证、有机食品认证和无公害农产品认证,更能显著提升经营主体的效益,从而表明质量安全认证的经济绩效并不明显；虽然质量安全认证会导致经营成本增加,但会促使经营主体的产品形象显著提升、市场竞争力明显增强和价格相对提高。由此论文认为,要推动经营主体的质量安全认证行为,需要从强化市场激励、缓解市场障碍和优化我国的农业“绿箱”政策三个角度着力。只有充分发挥市场在农产品质量安全认证上的主导地位,在政府的市场秩序维护和公共服务提供的基础之上,才能建立起依托农产品质量安全认证体系的农产品质量安全治理的长效机制,缓解进而解决农业面源污染,落实农业供给侧改革,满足人民群众对于食品安全的需要。
[Abstract]:Standard system certification has become a key tool for the quality and safety management of agricultural products in developed countries. Agricultural standardization is the main grasp of improving the quality and safety of agricultural products, preventing agricultural non-point source pollution and implementing agricultural supply side reform. However, the agricultural standardization, promoted by the theorists and the government, is not perfect in the market mechanism of our country. With the help of the two-layer system model of the food quality safety management system, this paper constructs an analytical framework for the internal and external environmental pressures facing the implementation of the quality safety certification of the new agricultural management body, and explores the dynamic mechanism behind the implementation of the quality safety certification behavior of the new agricultural management subject in China. On the basis of the standardized construction survey data of 1261 new agricultural management bodies in 55 counties and districts in 11 regions of Zhejiang Province, this study uses the TOE model which interprets the adoption behavior of the organization, and integrates the management subject to the internal and external departments. The measurement of environmental pressure perception is to analyze the implementation decision of the quality and safety certification of the main body, the choice of the standard of quality safety certification and the three types of superposition authentication decision, and the technical acceptance model (TAM) to explain the individual technical acceptance behavior in the organization, and analyze the production service of the management owner for the quality safety certification. After this, the effects of different types of certification on the performance of the management subject are tested by means of mean analysis and two element logic regression. First, the decision-making behavior of the quality safety certification of the new agricultural management subject is mainly driven by the internal motivation and external market incentive, as well as the market obstacles. In the selection decision process of the management subject quality safety certification standard, the selection of the management system certification standard is mainly hindered by the standard characteristics, and the green food certification is driven by the government regulation and is driven by the government regulation. The influence of market barriers is obvious, and the organic food certification is obviously driven by the market incentive. The quality and safety superposition authentication behavior of the management subject is obviously driven by the internal motivation of the management subject, but is hindered by the standard characteristics and the limitation of human resources; the more it is the management subject that feels the pressure of government regulation, the more impossible it is. Second, the provision of technical standards and technical specifications, the provision of productive services such as unifying the procurement of inputs and testing services, ensures the implementation of the certification of the standard for the quality and safety of the new agricultural operators. However, for the realization of management system certification, training and guidance services are more important. Unified agricultural products sales, protection price acquisition and training and guidance three types of services significantly negatively affect the implementation of green food certification, from the reverse, the three types of productive services for the implementation of non pollution agricultural products Certification Implementation effect. Third The non certified standardization, compared with the green food certification, the organic food certification and the non pollution agricultural product certification, can significantly improve the benefit of the management body, which indicates that the economic performance of the quality safety certification is not obvious. Although the quality safety certification will lead to the increase of the operating cost, it will promote the product image of the management subject to be significantly raised. As a result, the market competitiveness is obviously enhanced and the price is relatively improved. Therefore, it is believed that it is necessary to strengthen the market incentive, alleviate market obstacles and optimize the agricultural "green box" policy of our country in order to promote the quality safety certification behavior of the management subject. Only the market in the quality safety certification of agricultural products should be taken into full play in the three aspects. On the basis of the government's market order maintenance and the provision of public service, we can establish a long-term mechanism for the quality and safety management of agricultural products based on the quality and safety certification system of agricultural products, alleviate the pollution of agricultural non-point sources, implement the agricultural supply side reform, and meet the needs of the people and the people for food safety.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F322

【引证文献】