全产业链视角下我国乳品企业竞争优势研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 14:43

本文关键词：全产业链视角下我国乳品企业竞争优势研究　出处：《北京交通大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2014年末至2015年初爆发的倒奶杀牛事件再一次将中国乳业推到社会公众舆论的风口浪尖,中小型养殖户在巨大压力下纷纷退出,国际资本趁机逐鹿中国奶业市场。同时,消费者对中国乳品企业的信心缺失,导致乳品消费市场持续走低,倒奶杀牛事件表面看是原奶过剩、成本倒挂所致,其实,深层次的原因是中国乳制品加工环节对违规使用工业大包装还原乳的失控和默许;同时,当国产乳制品还没有摆脱2008年三聚氰胺事件的信任危机时,国内一些乳品企业明知道国家要求使用还原乳为原料需要在产品标识中加以标注,还蒙蔽消费者,冒天下之大不韪;还原乳在某种程度上成就了国外奶粉在中国市场的肆虐蚕食,有业内人士称还原乳将成为下一个三聚氰胺。内忧外患的形势倒逼中国乳业升级,而乳业升级需要建立在超强的竞争优势基础上,乳品企业竞争优势是一个多阶段、多主体、多中间变量的复杂系统,在这一系统中影响乳品企业竞争优势的核心要素之间既存在直接关系又存在间接关系,在间接关系中存在调节变量与中介变量,中介变量有时还不止一个。因此,乳品企业竞争优势系统是一个有调节的多重中介系统,需要能够处理复杂关系的结构方程模型,而已有的研究成果多数构建简单结构关系,模型显得过于简单,对于乳品企业竞争优势的研究显得过于抽象,对于变量之间关系的研究缺乏深度。本文站在全产业链视角下,依托我国大型乳品企业,以乳品企业竞争优势的提升为研究对象,从企业软实力与硬实力以及软硬实力相互作用机理等方面研究我国乳品企业竞争优势的提升。第一分析了乳品企业目前的行业背景以及竞争态势,明确阐明我国乳品企业进行全产业链创新的必然性;第二梳理了全产业链、企业竞争优势、企业软实力、企业硬实力的相关理论;第三挖掘了企业软实力与硬实力的关系以及与乳品企业竞争优势提升的关系;第四构建基于企业软实力与硬实力的乳品企业竞争优势的产业链三阶段模型;并对理论模型提出相关假设;第五结合乳品企业特征以及相关学者的研究设计了 16个测量变量和44个题项,以此为基础进行了问卷调查;第六本文在调查问卷收集整理的基础上进行了问卷的信度和效度分析,并对模型中各变量之间的关系进行检验,根据实证研究的结果得出如下结论:(1)第一阶段的环境要素、元软实力以及第二阶段的软实力、硬实力、资源要素对我国乳品企业竞争优势有直接的正向影响作用;(2)第二阶段的软实力、硬实力、资源要素做为中介变量间接对乳品企业竞争优势产生作用;(3)单独某一变量对乳品企业竞争优势的影响在有其他变量介入的时候关系会变得更加复杂,这也说明了乳品企业竞争优势内部结构的复杂性;(4)为了能够更加形象的说明乳品企业竞争优势的系统性,从企业内部、外部构建乳品企业竞争优势螺旋式上升系统。以期对中国乳品企业竞争优势的提升具有一定的理论与现实意义。
[Abstract]:At the end of 2014 to early 2015, the outbreak of the incident once again will pour milk cow dairy China pushed to the public opinion in the teeth of the storm, the small and medium farmers under great pressure to compete in the international capital have quit, Chinese dairy market. At the same time, the lack of confidence Chinese dairy enterprises lead to consumers, dairy consumer market continued to decline, pour milk cow incident surface is caused by excess cost of raw milk, upside down, in fact, the deeper reason is China dairy processing steps of the illegal use of industrial packaging reduced milk out of control and acquiescence; at the same time, when the crisis of confidence in domestic dairy products can not get rid of the melamine incident in 2008, some domestic dairy companies know that countries require the use of the reduction of milk as raw materials need to be marked on the product label, also deceive consumers, against the world; the achievements of foreign milk milk reduction to a certain extent Chinese powder raging in erode the market, insiders said reduced milk will become the next melamine. The situation forced Chinese domestic trouble and foreign invasion and dairy dairy upgrade, upgrade needs to establish competitive advantage based on strong competitive advantage, the dairy enterprise is a multi-stage, multi subject, multi variable complex system, there are both the direct relationship between the key factor affecting the dairy enterprise competitive advantage in this system and there exist indirect relationship, moderator and mediator in the indirect relationship, sometimes more than one intermediary variable. Therefore, the system of competitive advantage of dairy enterprises is a multiple mediation system regulation, structural equation can solve complex relationship the model requires, and most of the existing research results to build a simple structure, the model is too simple, especially study on the dairy enterprise's competitive advantage is too abstract, Study on relationship between variables, lack of depth. This paper from the perspective of the whole industry chain, relying on China's large dairy companies, dairy enterprises to enhance competitive advantage as the research object, research on competitive advantage of China's dairy enterprises from the enterprise soft power and hard power and soft power interaction mechanism of the first analysis of the promotion. At present, the dairy enterprises in the industry background and competitive situation, the necessity of China's dairy industry makes clear the whole industry chain innovation; second combed the whole industry chain, the competitive advantage of enterprises, enterprise soft power, theory of enterprise hard power; third mining relations to improve relations between the enterprise soft power and hard power and dairy enterprises the competitive advantage of the enterprise; fourth construction of soft power and hard power of dairy enterprises based on the competitive advantages of the industrial chain of three stage model; and put forward some relevant assumptions of the theoretical model; Fifth based on the characteristics of dairy enterprises and related experts to design 16 measurement variables and 44 items, based on the questionnaire; Sixth this paper collected in the questionnaire on the basis of the reliability and validity analysis of the questionnaire, and to examine the relationship between the change in quantity according to the empirical model, the research results are as follows: (1) the first stage of the environmental elements, soft power, soft power element and the second stages of hard power, resources have direct positive influence on China's dairy enterprises competitive advantage; (2) the second phase of the soft power, hard power, resources as an intermediary variable the dairy enterprises competitive advantage; (3) a single variable of the dairy enterprise's competitive advantage effect when there are other variables involved in the relationship will become more complex, it also shows that the dairy enterprise. The complexity of the internal structure of competitive advantage; (4) system in order to more vividly illustrate the dairy enterprise's competitive advantage, from the enterprise internal construction, dairy enterprises competitive advantage spiral outside the system. It has a certain theoretical and practical significance to enhance in order to Chinese dairy enterprise competitive advantage.

【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F426.82

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