互联网对创业的影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 15:56

本文选题：互联网　切入点：创业　出处：《浙江大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自上世纪九十年代以来,互联网在全球范围内经历了迅速的普及和广泛的应用,深刻地改变了人们的生产和生活方式。已有研究表明,互联网对于一国的经济增长有着显著的正向的影响,但是对于互联网促进经济增长的具体路径,我们还知之甚少。为了探索互联网究竟如何促进经济增长,本文以创业为切入点,研究互联网的普及和应用对于创业的影响,以期为互联网促进经济增长的机制提供具体的佐证。首先,本文从理论上对于互联网可能会对创业产生的各种影响进行分析。我们认为互联网会通过改变创业环境而对个人的创业决策间接产生影响。本文将互联网对于创业环境的影响分为"技术效应"和"信息效应"两个大的方面。"技术效应"是指互联网作为一种革命性的技术所产生的影响;"信息效应"是指互联网作为一种信息传递的工具,对创业环境所可能产生的影响。随后,我们引入一个两期的职业选择模型来分析以上各效应会使得个人的创业概率如何变化。模型分析认为,以上这两类效应对于创业的影响有正有负,也还有不明确的部分,因此,在现实中互联网对于创业的影响究竟如何,需要通过实证研究来回答。在随后的实证研究中,我们基于中国的数据为以上的理论分析给出两个层面的实证检验。首先,在微观层面上,使用中国家庭追踪调查CFPS的微观数据,实证分析了个人层面的互联网使用对于其创业概率的影响。研究发现,互联网的使用促进了个人的创业。互联网对于创业的影响表现为正,说明它所可能产生的正向影响,超过了负向影响,因而其净影响是正的。进一步研究发现,相比不把互联网作为信息渠道的个人,将互联网作为信息渠道的个人其创业概率更高。这基本上可以验证互联网作为一种信息传递工具所产生的"信息效应"是表现为正的。实证结果还显示,互联网对于机会型创业表现出显著的正向影响,从一定程度上验证了互联网对创业机会识别的促进作用。此外,由于中国是一个发展中的大国,制度环境是影响创业的重要因素,因此我们根据省份之间的制度环境差异,进一步分析了在促进创业方面,互联网与制度环境之间的关系。研究发现,在制度环境越好的地方,互联网对创业的促进作用越大。微观层面的实证研究,为认识互联网对于创业的影响,提供了一定的经验证据。不过微观层面的分析,还不足以让我们全面认识互联网对于某一行业的创业活力的影响。于是我们基于第二次全国经济普查的数据,从产业层面上,以信息较密集的服务业为研究对象,对城市层面的互联网普及对于企业进入的影响进行了实证分析。研究结果显示,互联网普及并非对于所有类型的企业进入都呈现正向影响,而是对于私营企业的企业进入表现出了显著的促进作用。进一步研究发现,对于私营企业样本来说,互联网对于生产性服务业的企业进入促进作用更大,而对消费性服务业的企业进入则几乎没有影响。与微观层面的实证研究类似,在行业层面,互联网和制度环境在促进企业进入方面,也呈现出一种"互补"的关系。本文可能的创新点主要有以下几个方面。第一,本研究基于中国的数据,为互联网促进经济增长的可能路径,提供了新的经验证据。第二,本研究分别从微观层面和产业层面进行实证研究,既可以捕捉互联网的使用对个人创业概率的影响,又呈现了互联网普及对于行业层面创业活力的影响,两个层面的实证研究可以更准确且全面地捕捉到互联网对于创业的影响。第三,在理论分析方面,本文把互联网对创业可能产生的影响归纳为"技术效应"和"信息效应",可以深化人们对于互联网影响创业的具体机制的认识。第四,本研究对互联网与制度环境在促进创业方面的关系的探讨,可以为人们认识信息技术与制度在促进经济发展方面的关系,提供一个新的注脚。
[Abstract]:Since the last century since 90s, the Internet has experienced rapid popularization and wide application in the global scope, has profoundly changed people's production and life style. Studies have shown that the Internet has a significant positive influence on the economic growth of a country, but the specific path to the Internet to promote economic growth, we have little is known about the Internet. In order to explore how to promote economic growth, this paper takes the entrepreneurship as the starting point of the popularity of the Internet and application for business, in order to promote the economic growth mechanism for the Internet to provide specific evidence. First of all, this paper analyzes various influence theoretically for the Internet may have on entrepreneurship we believe that the Internet will change. The entrepreneurial environment of individual entrepreneurial decision. This paper will indirectly affect the Internet for entrepreneurial environment impact points As the "two major aspects of technology effect and information effect." "technical effect" refers to the Internet as a revolutionary technology influence; "information effect" refers to the Internet as a tool for information transmission, the possible impact on entrepreneurial environment. Then, we introduce a two occupation choice model to analyze the effect of entrepreneurship will make personal changes. How to model the probability analysis, the two categories above effect on entrepreneurial effects have both positive and negative, there are some, not clear so, in reality the Internet for entrepreneurial effect how, need to be answered through empirical research in the empirical study. Then, we Chinese data based on the above theoretical analysis empirical test are given at two levels. First, at the micro level, using micro data China family survey tracked CFPS, empirical study On the personal level of Internet use effect on the probability of entrepreneurship. The study found that the use of the Internet to promote personal entrepreneurship. The Internet for the impact of entrepreneurship is positive, illustrate the positive impact it may have, over the negative impact, so the net effect is positive. Further study found that, compared with no the Internet as an information channel, the Internet as an information channel of the individual entrepreneurial higher probability. This basically can verify the Internet as an information transmission tool generated by the "information effect" is shown as positive. The empirical results also show that the Internet for opportunity entrepreneurship showed a significant positive impact, and promote the role of the Internet on entrepreneurial opportunity identification is verified from a certain extent. In addition, because Chinese is a developing country, the institutional environment is an important factor affecting entrepreneurship, therefore According to the institutional environment differences between provinces, further analysis in the promotion of entrepreneurship, the relationship between Internet and system environment. The study found that in the institutional environment, the better place to promote Internet business more. An Empirical Study on the micro level, to recognize the influence of Internet on entrepreneurship, provide empirical evidence the micro level analysis. However, not enough to make us understand the impact of the Internet on a business activity. So we based on the second national economic census data, from the industry level, the information intensive services industry as the research object, the city level Internet for enterprises to enter the through the empirical analysis. The results of the study showed that the popularity of the Internet is not for all types of enterprises to enter a positive impact, but for private enterprises Enter the industry showed a significant role in promoting. Further studies showed that the sample for private enterprise, enterprise Internet for producer services to promote a greater role, and the consumer services enterprises to enter almost no effect. Similar to empirical research on the micro level, at the industry level, the Internet and system environment in the promotion of enterprises to enter, also presents a "complementary" relationship. The innovation of this paper mainly has the following several aspects. First, this study is based on the Chinese data for possible path to the Internet to promote economic growth, provides new empirical evidence. Second, this paper conducts an empirical study from the micro level and the industry level, not only affect the use of the Internet for individual entrepreneurs can capture probability, and the popularity of the Internet impact on the industry level of entrepreneurial activity, two aspects of the real Research can be more accurate and comprehensive to capture the Internet for business. Third, in the theoretical analysis, the impact of the Internet may have on the business into the "technical effect" and "information effect", can deepen people for understanding the influence of Internet specific mechanism of entrepreneurship. Fourth, the research on the Internet and the institutional environment in the promotion of the relationship between the entrepreneurial aspects, for understanding the information technology and the system in promoting the relationship between economic development, provide a new footnote.

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F49;F279.2

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