县乡农业推广人员对个人特质的认知差异及原因分析

发布时间：2018-04-04 17:14

  本文选题：农业推广　切入点：个人特质　出处：《中国农业大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：农业科技成果从研发到投入生产的整个过程说明了推广应用的复杂性和难度,也凸显了农业推广人员角色的重要性。研究农业推广人员对个人特质的认知有诸多现实意义；理论上也是对人格特质理论的具体情境化和对农业推广理论的深化和具体化。本研究运用质性实地研究方式,采用文献法、访谈法、问卷法等多种研究工具,构建了农业推广人员个人特质的五大维度：换位思考意识、综合分析能力、组织引领能力、产品定位能力和社会活动能力,这些能力包含着优秀农业推广员所需的潜质。农业推广人员个人特质的五大维度是在中国农业发展的新趋势下,对县乡农业推广人员的潜在性要求,不同群体对这五大维度的认知不尽相同。县乡两级农业推广人员包括在县农业局机关工作的农技推广者,也包括在乡镇工作的农技推广者,这两类推广人员由于工作环境、工作内容、下乡时间、与农民接触的频次等多方面原因,对农业推广工作有不同的认知。他们心目中也有对未来技术推广员的定位,身边同事也有被评为优秀的农技推广工作者,综合个人对未来农业推广人员的定位和身边优秀推广者的认知,他们对优秀推广工作者也有自己的评判标准。研究表明：对本研究所构建的五维个人特质,县级农业推广人员认为个人与优秀推广员间存在如下区别。县级农业推广人员认为个人的社会活动能力总体优于优秀农业推广人员；组织引领能力和综合分析能力与优秀农业推广人员差异最大：换位思考意识差异最小；产品定位能力包括农产品定位能力和农业新技术的定位能力,产品定位能力总体没有差异。乡镇农业推广人员认为自己与优秀推广员间在个人特质方面的差异由大到小的顺序是：组织引领能力、综合分析能力、换位思考意识。乡镇农业推广人员对自己社会活动能力的认知存在两极分化现象。乡镇农业推广人员与优秀农业推广人员在产品定位能力方面,与县级农业推广人员相同,不存在差异。本研究还分析了：县级农业推广人员与优秀农业推广人员在个人特质五个维度方面的差异(以‘县差异’代替)”与“乡镇农业推广人员与优秀农业推广人员在个人特质五个维度方面的差异(以‘乡镇差异’代替)”之间的差异,以分析县乡两级人员间的差异。结果表明：“县差异”在三个维度方面小于“乡镇差异”,其余两个维度相等。差异原因类似于普通与优秀推广员之间的原因：县乡两级推广人员日常处理的各种事务,工作和生活的环境,外出培训的机会与内容,农技推广机构改革对个体的影响,新闻媒体的宣传报道,自身对农业和本专业的关注和热爱程度等。最后,针对县乡农业推广人员,提出了提升县乡农业推广人员服务水平的建议：培训应重点关注的方面、差异化的培训内容及策略等。
[Abstract]:The whole process from R & D to production of agricultural science and technology indicates the complexity and difficulty of extension and application, and also highlights the importance of the role of agricultural extension personnel.The study of agricultural extension personnel's cognition of individual trait has many practical meanings; theoretically, it is also the concrete situational of personality trait theory and the deepening and concretization of agricultural extension theory.Using qualitative field research method, using literature, interview, questionnaire and other research tools, this study has constructed five dimensions of agricultural extension personnel's personal characteristics: transposition thinking consciousness, comprehensive analysis ability, organization leading ability, etc.Product orientation capabilities and social activities capabilities that contain the potential needed by good agricultural extension workers.Under the new trend of agricultural development in China, the five dimensions of the individual characteristics of agricultural extension workers are different from different groups in terms of their cognition of the potential requirements of agricultural extension personnel in counties and townships.The agricultural extension personnel at the county and township levels include those who work in the organs of the county agriculture bureau, as well as those who work in villages and towns.The frequency of contact with farmers and other reasons, there are different perceptions of agricultural extension work.They also have in mind the positioning of future technical extension workers, and their colleagues around them have also been rated as outstanding agricultural extension workers, synthesizing the personal orientation of future agricultural extension workers and the knowledge of the outstanding extension workers around them.They also have their own criteria for good extension workers.The research shows that the county agricultural extension workers think that there is a difference between the individual and the excellent extension worker.The county agricultural extension personnel think that the individual's social activity ability is better than the excellent agricultural extension personnel, the difference between the organization leading ability and the comprehensive analysis ability and the excellent agricultural extension personnel is the biggest, the difference of the transposition thinking consciousness is the least;The product positioning ability includes the orientation ability of agricultural products and the positioning ability of new agricultural technology, but there is no difference in product positioning ability.Village and township agricultural extension workers think that the difference between themselves and outstanding extension workers in personal characteristics from big to small order is: organizational leadership ability, comprehensive analysis ability, thinking sense of transposition.There is polarization in the cognition of township agricultural extension personnel to their own social activity ability.There is no difference between the township agricultural extension workers and the excellent agricultural extension workers in the product orientation ability and the county level agricultural extension personnel.This study also analyzes the differences between county level agricultural extension workers and excellent agricultural extension workers in five dimensions of personal traits (replaced by 'county differences') and 'township agricultural extension workers and outstanding agricultural extension personnel'.The differences in the five dimensions of personal traits (replaced by 'township differences'),In order to analyze the differences between the county and township level personnel.The results show that the county difference is smaller than the township difference in three dimensions, and the other two dimensions are equal.The reasons for the difference are similar to those between ordinary and excellent extension workers: the daily work and living environment of county and township extension personnel, the opportunities and contents of training out of the country, and the impact of the reform of agricultural extension organizations on the individual.The propaganda of the news media, oneself to agriculture and this profession concern and love degree and so on.Finally, aiming at the county and township agricultural extension personnel, the paper puts forward some suggestions to improve the service level of the county and township agricultural extension personnel: the training should be focused on, the differentiated training content and strategy, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F323.3
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本文编号：1710902